Association of Maternal Secretor Status and Human Milk Oligosaccharides With Milk Microbiota: An Observational Pilot Study

Background and Objectives: Breast milk contains several bioactive factors including human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and microbes that shape the infant gut microbiota. HMO profile is determined by secretor status; however, their influence on milk microbiota is still uncovered. This study is aimed to determine the impact of the FUT2 genotype on the milk microbiota during the first month of lactation and the association with HMO. Methods: Milk microbiota from 25 healthy lactating women was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 16S gene pyrosequencing. Secretor genotype was obtained by polymerase chain reaction-RFLPs and by HMO identification and quantification. Results: The most abundant bacteria were Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, followed by Enterobacteriaceae-related bacteria. The predominant HMO in secretor milk samples were 2FL and lacto-N-fucopentaose I, whereas nonsecretor milk was characterized by lacto-N-fucopentaose II and lacto-N-neodifucohexaose II. Differences in microbiota composition and quantity were found depending on secretor/nonsecretor status. Lactobacillus spp, Enterococcus spp, and Streptococcus spp were lower in nonsecretor than in secretor samples. Bifidobacterium genus and species were less prevalent in nonsecretor samples. Despite no differences on diversity and richness, nonsecretor samples had lower Actinobacteria and higher relative abundance of Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Staphylococcaceae. Conclusions: Maternal secretor status is associated with the human milk microbiota composition and is maintained during the first 4 weeks. Specific associations between milk microbiota, HMO, and secretor status were observed, although the potential biological impact on the neonate remains elusive. Future studies are needed to reveal the early nutrition influence on the reduction of risk of disease. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Maria C. Collado, PhD, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Av. Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain (e-mail: mcolam@iata.csic.es). Received 2 July, 2018 Accepted 13 November, 2018 Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jpgn.org). I.G.M. and M.C.C. would like to acknowledge the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (ERC Starting grant, project no. 639226).The authors report no conflicts of interest. Raul Cabrera-Rubio, Actual address: Food Biosciences Department, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, County Cork, Ireland and APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland. © 2018 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

from Gastroenterology via xlomafota13 on Inoreader https://ift.tt/2QMzWL5
via IFTTT