2016-04-17T17-47-32Z
Source: Journal of Contemporary Medicine
Havva Yıldız Seçkin, Yalçın Baş, Akgül Arıcı, Zennure Takçı, Sercan Sezgin.
Fox-Fordyce Disease (FFD) is a rare, chronic disorder of the apocrin sweat glands and characterized by pruritic papules. The disease primarily affects females and the etiology is unclear. A 19-year-old male patient developed FFD in his lips with a history of Steven-Johnson Syndrome is presented in this report.
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Κυριακή 17 Απριλίου 2016
Fox-Fordyce Disease after Steven-Johnson Syndrome: case report
Dose and dose-rate effectiveness of radiation: first objectivity then conclusions
2016-04-17T16-24-09Z
Source: Journal of Environmental and Occupational Science
Sergei V. Jargin.
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Enhanced emotional responses during social coordination with a virtual partner
Source:International Journal of Psychophysiology
Author(s): Mengsen Zhang, Guillaume Dumas, J.A. Scott Kelso, Emmanuelle Tognoli
Emotion and motion, though seldom studied in tandem, are complementary aspects of social experience. This study investigates variations in emotional responses during movement coordination between a human and a Virtual Partner (VP), an agent whose virtual finger movements are driven by the Haken-Kelso-Bunz (HKB) equations of Coordination Dynamics. Twenty-one subjects were instructed to coordinate finger movements with the VP in either inphase or antiphase patterns. By adjusting model parameters, we manipulated the 'intention' of VP as cooperative or competitive with the human's instructed goal. Skin potential responses (SPR) were recorded to quantify the intensity of emotional response. At the end of each trial, subjects rated the VP's intention and whether they thought their partner was another human being or a machine. We found greater emotional responses when subjects reported that their partner was human and when coordination was stable. That emotional responses are strongly influenced by dynamic features of the VP's behavior, has implications for mental health, brain disorders and the design of socially cooperative machines.
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Differences among first-episode schizophrenia patients, healthy siblings, and controls at the individual level
Source:International Journal of Psychophysiology
Author(s): Jianjun Ou, Guodong Wang, Maorong Hu, Feng Liu, Zhong He, Juan Wang, Renrong Wu, Jindong Chen, Lehua Li, Jingping Zhao, Wenbin Guo
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Clinical prognostic significance of regional and extended lymphadenectomy for biliary cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical prognostic significance of regional and extended lymphadenectomy for biliary cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis.
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Why are peanut allergies so dangerous?
Peanut allergies or of some of the most dangerous food allergies out there due to how commonly they are found in the food industry. For the past couple decades, peanut allergies have been on the rise in the United States, and scientists recently may have found out the reason why.
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Clinical prognostic significance of regional and extended lymphadenectomy for biliary cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
The aim of our study was to evaluate clinical prognostic significance of regional and extended lymphadenectomy for biliary cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastasis.
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Why are peanut allergies so dangerous?
Peanut allergies or of some of the most dangerous food allergies out there due to how commonly they are found in the food industry. For the past couple decades, peanut allergies have been on the rise in the United States, and scientists recently may have found out the reason why.
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Why are peanut allergies so dangerous?
Peanut allergies or of some of the most dangerous food allergies out there due to how commonly they are found in the food industry. For the past couple decades, peanut allergies have been on the rise in the United States, and scientists recently may have found out the reason why.
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Why are peanut allergies so dangerous?
Peanut allergies or of some of the most dangerous food allergies out there due to how commonly they are found in the food industry. For the past couple decades, peanut allergies have been on the rise in the United States, and scientists recently may have found out the reason why.
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Acute effect of coffee drinking on dynamic cerebral autoregulation
Abstract
Purpose
Drinking coffee causes caffeine-induced physiological alterations such as increases in arterial blood pressure, sympathetic nerve activity, cerebral vasoconstriction, etc., and these physiological alterations may be associated with a reduced risk of cerebral vascular disease. However, the effect of coffee drinking on dynamic cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation remains unclear. The aim of this study was to test our hypothesis that coffee drinking enhances dynamic cerebral autoregulation.
Method
Twelve healthy young subjects participated in the present study. After a 5 min baseline measurement in a semi-recumbent position on the hospital bed, each subject drank water (CON) as a placebo condition or coffee beverage (Coffee INT). Arterial blood pressure and middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) were measured continuously throughout the experiment. At 30 min after the intake of either water or coffee, dynamic cerebral autoregulation was examined using a thigh cuffs occlusion and release technique. Each condition was randomly performed on a different day.
Result
Under Coffee INT condition, mean arterial blood pressure was increased (P = 0.01) and mean MCAv was decreased (P = 0.01) from the baseline. The rate of regulation (RoR), as an index of dynamic cerebral autoregulation, during coffee condition was significantly higher than that during CON (P = 0.0009).
Conclusion
The findings of the present study suggest that coffee drinking augments dynamic CBF regulation with cerebral vasoconstriction. This phenomenon may be associated with a reduction in the risk of cerebral vascular disease.
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Effect of muscle length on voluntary activation of the plantar flexors in boys and men
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of muscle length on the maximal voluntary activation level (VA) of the plantar-flexors between children and adults.
Methods
Fourteen boys (10.0 ± 1.0 years) and fifteen men (24.6 ± 4.2 years) performed 5-s maximal isometric voluntary contractions (MVC) of the plantar-flexor muscles at seven ankle angles [from 10° in dorsi-flexion (DF) to 20° in plantar-flexion (PF); 0° = reference position; the angle between the plantar surface and leg is a right angle]. Single magnetic stimulations were delivered to the posterior tibial nerve during MVCs to determine VA.
Results
Results showed a higher absolute torque of the plantar-flexor muscles at long (10° DF) than at short muscle length (20° PF) in men (89.4 ± 19.4 vs. 46.8 ± 17.0 N m, P < 0.001) and boys (44.9 ± 18.5 vs. 26.6 ± 12.8 N m, P < 0.001). On average, VA was significantly higher in men than in boys (92.4 ± 1.7 vs. 87.6 ± 1.6 %, P < 0.05). However, no significant main effect of the ankle angle was observed on VA.
Conclusions
The VA partly accounts for the plantar-flexors MVC torque difference between children and adults but is not affected by the muscle length changes in both groups. Therefore, VA cannot account for the shape of the torque–angle relationship on the plantar-flexor muscles.
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Optimal slopes and speeds in uphill ski mountaineering: a laboratory study
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to estimate the energy cost of linear (EC) and vertical displacement (ECvert), mechanical efficiency and main stride parameters during simulated ski mountaineering at different speeds and gradients, to identify an optimal speed and gradient that maximizes performance.
Methods
12 subjects roller skied on a treadmill at three different inclines (10, 17 and 24 %) at three different speeds (approximately 70, 80 and 85 % of estimated peak heart rate). Energy expenditure was calculated by indirect calorimetry, while biomechanical parameters were measured with an inertial sensor-based system.
Results
At 10 % there was no significant change with speed in EC, ECvert and mechanical efficiency. At 17 and 24 % the fastest speed was significantly more economical. There was a significant effect of gradient on EC, ECvert and mechanical efficiency. The most economical gradient was the steepest one. There was a significant increase of stride frequency with speed. At steep gradients only, relative thrust phase duration decreased significantly, while stride length increased significantly with speed. There was a significant effect of gradient on stride length (decrease with steepness) and relative thrust phase duration (increase with steepness).
Conclusion
A combination of a decreased relative thrust phase duration with increased stride length and frequency decreases ECvert. To minimize the energy expenditure to reach the top of a mountain and to optimize performance, ski-mountaineers should choose a steep gradient (~24 %) and, provided they possess sufficient metabolic scope, combine it with a fast speed (~6 km h−1).
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Neural adaptations to submaximal isokinetic eccentric strength training
Abstract
Purpose
This study investigated the neural adaptations following submaximal isokinetic eccentric strength training of the plantar flexors. The modulation of electromyographic (EMG) activity and spinal excitability were compared in the soleus muscle (SOL) during isometric, concentric and eccentric maximal voluntary contractions (MVC) before and after submaximal isokinetic eccentric training.
Methods
Eighteen healthy subjects were divided into a training group (n = 8) and a control group (n = 10). The training protocol consisted of sixteen sessions of isokinetic eccentric strength training during 8 weeks. Normalized EMG was used to assess the activity of SOL and medial gastrocnemius muscle (MG). For SOL, maximal Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) and compound motor potential were evoked during isometric, concentric and eccentric actions at rest (Hmax and Mmax, respectively) and during MVC (Hsup and Msup, respectively).
Results
The results showed that the torque and normalized EMG of SOL significantly increased after training during eccentric (+20.5 and +28.8 %, respectively) and isometric (+18.2 and +23.0 %, respectively) MVC (p < 0.05). Hmax/Mmax and Hsup/Msup ratios were not significantly modified after training for SOL (p > 0.05), and remained significantly depressed during eccentric compared to isometric and concentric actions (p < 0.05). In contrast, no significant difference was observed on normalized EMG of MG (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
These results suggested that the increase in voluntary torque after submaximal isokinetic eccentric training can be at least partly ascribed to enhanced neural drive for SOL that does not affect the H-reflex pathway.
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A moving target: The changing role of sensory inhibition in a motor task
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 127, Issue 6
Author(s): Sarah Pirio Richardson
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Dynamic modulation of corticospinal excitability and short-latency afferent inhibition during onset and maintenance phase of selective finger movement
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 127, Issue 6
Author(s): Hyun Joo Cho, Pattamon Panyakaew, Nivethida Thirugnanasambandam, Tianxia Wu, Mark Hallett
ObjectiveDuring highly selective finger movement, corticospinal excitability is reduced in surrounding muscles at the onset of movement but this phenomenon has not been demonstrated during maintenance of movement. Sensorimotor integration may play an important role in selective movement. We sought to investigate how corticospinal excitability and short-latency afferent inhibition changes in active and surrounding muscles during onset and maintenance of selective finger movement.MethodsUsing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and paired peripheral stimulation, input-output recruitment curve and short-latency afferent inhibition (SAI) were measured in the first dorsal interosseus and abductor digiti minimi muscles during selective index finger flexion.ResultsMotor surround inhibition was present only at the onset phase, but not at the maintenance phase of movement. SAI was reduced at onset but not at the maintenance phase of movement in both active and surrounding muscles.ConclusionsOur study showed dynamic changes in corticospinal excitability and sensorimotor modulation for active and surrounding muscles in different movement states. SAI does not appear to contribute to motor surround inhibition at the movement onset phase. Also, there seems to be different inhibitory circuit(s) other than SAI for the movement maintenance phase in order to delineate the motor output selectively when corticospinal excitability is increased in both active and surrounding muscles.SignificanceThis study enhances our knowledge of dynamic changes in corticospinal excitability and sensorimotor interaction in different movement states to understand normal and disordered movements.
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Awaji Criteria Improves the Diagnostic Sensitivity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a Systematic Review Using Individual Patient Data
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology
Author(s): Nimeshan Geevasinga, Clement T. Loy, Parvathi Menon, Mamede de Carvalho, Michael Swash, Maarten Schrooten, Philip Van Damme, Malgorzata Gawel, Masahiro Sonoo, Mana Higashihara, Yu-ichi Noto, Satoshi Kuwabara, Matthew C. Kiernan, Petra Macaskill, Steve Vucic
ObjectiveTo determine the utility of the Awaji criteria in diagnosing amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to propose a novel modification so as to enhance sensitivity based on results of individual patient data (IPD).MethodsIndividual patient data were available from 8 studies comparing the diagnostic accuracy of Awaji and revised El Escorial (rEEC) criteria. The sensitivity of a novel updated Awaji criteria, incorporating a 'probable-laboratory supported" category, was also tested.ResultsIndividual patient data were available from 1086 patients, consisting of 881 ALS and 205 patients with disorders mimicking ALS. Summary sensitivities based on random effects logistic regression modelling disclosed a higher sensitivity of the Awaji criteria (0.70, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.51-0.83) and updated Awaji criteria (0.73, 95% CI 0.56-0.85) when compared to rEEC (0.58, 95% CI 0.48-0.68). Paired analysis revealed higher sensitivities of Awaji criteria in 4 studies, and of updated Awaji criteria in 7 studies, when compared to rEEC.ConclusionIndividual patient data analysis established a higher sensitivity of Awaji criteria when compared to rEEC. The updated Awaji criteria enhanced the diagnostic sensitivity in limb-onset ALS.SignificanceThe updated Awaji criteria should be considered in clinical practice and future therapeutic trials.
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Vestibular evoked myogenic potentials and motion sickness medications
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 127, Issue 6
Author(s): Dror Tal, Shir Shemy, Gil Kaminski-Graif, Guy Wiener, Dov Hershkovitz
ObjectiveSeasickness is a widespread problem among naval crew, and has a major impact on their performance at sea. The three pharmacological agents most commonly employed in the treatment of seasickness are dimenhydrinate, cinnarizine, and scopolamine. At present, the effectiveness of anti-seasickness drugs is tested by a process of "trial and error", while sailing and exposed to sea conditions. A physiological test to evaluate the action of a drug might save crew members long periods of suffering, as well as simplifying the procedure of selecting the appropriate treatment for each individual. The cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) test has come to be recognized as a reliable procedure for the objective evaluation of saccular function. It was the hypothesis of the present study that cVEMP otolith responses may be affected by anti-motion sickness drugs, which might thus make cVEMP a useful clinical neurophysiological tool for the assessment of drug absorption and efficacy.MethodsThirty male sailors who regularly took medication for the treatment of seasickness participated in the study. Participants underwent the cVEMP test pre- and 1h post-drug administration.ResultsA statistically significant decrease in p13 latency was found after administration of scopolamine compared with baseline (14.46ms vs. 15.09ms, p=0.0049), with significant prolongation of the binaural average inter-latency in this group. No differences were found in the dimenhydrinate and cinnarizine study groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that scopolamine absorption can be verified by changes in cVEMP latencies.SignificanceThe potential of the cVEMP test for predicting action of scopolamine on the vestibular system.
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Increased caffeine intake leads to worsening of electrocorticographic epileptiform discharges as recorded with a responsive neurostimulation device
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 127, Issue 6
Author(s): Michael J. Mackow, Balu Krishnan, William E. Bingaman, Imad M. Najm, Andreas V. Alexopoulos, Dileep R. Nair
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A Single Tight MEG Cluster may only represent a Fragment of Type I FCD
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology
Author(s): Riem El Tahry, Z. Irene Wang, Yosuke Kakisaka, Hiroatsu Murakami, Sumiya Shibata, Balu Krishnan, Kotagal Prakash, Andreas Alexopoulos, Richard C. Burgess
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Estimating functional brain maturity in very and extremely preterm neonates using automated analysis of the electroencephalogram
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology
Author(s): J.M. O'Toole, G.B. Boylan, S. Vanhatalo, N.J. Stevenson
ObjectiveTo develop an automated estimate of EEG maturational age (EMA) for preterm neonates.MethodsThe EMA estimator was based on the analysis of hourly epochs of EEG from 49 neonates with gestational age (GA) ranging from 23 to 32 weeks. Neonates had appropriate EEG for GA based on visual interpretation of the EEG. The EMA estimator used a linear combination (support vector regression) of a subset of 41 features based on amplitude, temporal and spatial characteristics of EEG segments. Estimator performance was measured with the mean square error (MSE), standard deviation of the estimate (SD) and the percentage error (SE) between the known GA and estimated EMA.ResultsThe EMA estimator provided an unbiased estimate of EMA with a MSE of 82 days (SD=9.1 days; SE=4.8%) which was significantly lower than a nominal reading (the mean GA in the dataset; MSE of 267 days, SD of 16.3 days, SE=8.4%: p < 0.001). The EMA estimator with the lowest MSE used amplitude, spatial and temporal EEG characteristics.ConclusionsThe proposed automated EMA estimator provides an accurate estimate of EMA in preterm neonates.SignificanceAutomated analysis of the EEG provides a widely accessible, noninvasive and continuous assessment of functional brain maturity.
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Facilitation dynamics of late somatosensory evoked potentials after sural nerve stimulation
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology
Author(s): I. Zakharova, J.C. Kohlmeyer, M.E. Kornhuber
ObjectiveSomatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP) could be suitable for elucidating the properties of synaptic potentials (SP). Two experiments were designed for this purpose.Methods1st experiment: the sural nerve was stimulated in 13 subjects with single or trains of 3 stimuli (1Hz or 0.4Hz), the within train interstimulus interval (ISI) was stepwise extended from 2 to 10ms. Cz' against Fz, time interval 500ms. 2nd experiment: Gating was investigated in a paired stimulus paradigm with intervals of 0.7, 1, 2, 5 s in 15 subjects after single and train stimuli (ISI 3ms) with equal stimulus and recording positions.Results1stexperiment: N1-P1, P1-N2a and P2-N2b but not N37-P40 displayed a significant gain in amplitude following train stimuli compared with single stimuli. Significantly larger N1-P1 amplitude values were observed with 0.4Hz stimulus repetition compared with 1.0Hz. Short ISIs of 2-4ms led to higher N1-P1 amplitudes than obtained with longer ISIs of 7-10ms. 2ndexperiment: recovery of the habituated N1-P1 amplitude was complete when the 2nd of 2 stimuli followed after 2s.ConclusionsSSEP vertex potential amplitudes (especially N1-P1) recorded after train stimuli presumably reflect the decay dynamics of excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Recovery of the habituated N1 (2nd experiment) was complete within 2s.SignificanceOur study may be relevant to study properties of excitatory synaptic potentials in diseases of the central nervous system such as e.g. epilepsy or migraine.
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The effectiveness of wastewater treatment in nuclear medicine: Performance data and radioecological considerations
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity
Author(s): F. Sudbrock, K. Schomäcker, A. Drzezga
For planned and ongoing storage of liquid radioactive waste in a designated plant for a nuclear medicine therapy ward (decontamination system/decay system), detailed knowledge of basic parameters such as the amount of radioactivity and the necessary decay time in the plant is required. The design of the plant at the Department of Nuclear Medicine of the University of Cologne, built in 2001, was based on assumptions about the individual discharge of activity from patients, which we can now retrospectively validate. The decontamination factor of the plant is at present in the order of 10−9 for 131I. The annual discharges have been continuously reduced over the period of operation and are now in the region of a few kilobecquerels. This work emphasizes the high efficacy of the decontamination plant to reduce the amount of radioactivity released from the nuclear medicine ward into the environment to almost negligible levels.
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Paramedics and EMTs - Goliad County EMS
Goliad County EMS is looking for full-time and part-time Paramedics and EMTs. Our agency is located approximately 30 miles West of Victoria Texas and covers 852 square miles of Goliad County. Our call volume averages approximately 1050 911 calls a year with no non-emegency transfers.We staff two 24hr ambulances out of 1 station and work a 48/72 shift. Full-Time Paramedics $ 15.00 starting pay with ...
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Position Statement on Nurse Practitioner Prescriptive Privileges
The National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners (NAPNAP) advocates that all nurse practitioners (NPs) have full prescriptive authority and dispensing privileges based on their education, training, licensure, and certification. Pediatric nurse practitioners (PNPs) have completed a formal educational program in pediatric health care and have met their state board's regulations that govern advanced practice nursing (American Nurses Association, NAPNAP, & Society of Pediatric Nurses, 2015).
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Summer-Safe, Trauma-Wise: Advocating for Preventative Legislation
Advocacy remains an extremely important role of the pediatric health care provider. Pediatric nurse practitioners are challenged to focus on supporting the most critical policies that govern child health, especially in the areas of safety and injury prevention within their own states and neighborhoods. The summer months of June through August are considered "trauma season," a time of year when children are most likely to sustain injuries on the road as pedestrians or occupants of motor vehicles; in the sports arena; and as a result of participating in activities like swimming or hiking.
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Letter to the Editor
In the article entitled "First We Have to Engage Them: A Mixed Methods Assessment of Low-Income Parents' Preferences for and Barriers to Receiving Child Health Promotion Information" (Davis et al., 2015), the authors conclude that "new health information delivery methods are needed that take into account the barriers associated with parenting in the context of poverty." However, several examples of new delivery methods do exist.
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Nonsuicidal Self-Injury
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious and prevalent problem within the adolescent population. NSSI is associated with a variety of psychiatric diagnoses and behavioral concerns. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition, has recognized NSSI as its own separate diagnosis. Although there are unique differences between NSSI and suicidal behaviors, a link exists between these behaviors. It is crucial that pediatric nurse practitioners who provide care for adolescents possess a thorough understanding of NSSI.
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Effect of Gmelina arborea Leaf Meal on Sperm Production and Sperm Reserves in Rabbit Bucks
2016-04-17T06-01-04Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
Adakole Hyacinth Abu, Terzungwe Ahemen, Orzungwe Akuba.
Thirty-two (32) male rabbits of heterogeneous stock (California X New Zealand X Chinchilla crosses), agedbetween 8 and 12 weeks, weighing between 1100g and 1250g were used in an experiment to evaluate the effects of Gmelinaarborealeaf meal on sperm production rate, gonadal and extragonadal sperm reserves. Rabbit bucks were randomly allocated into four dietary treatments designated T1, T2, T3 and T4 containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% of Gmelinaarborea leaf meal respectively. The results showed significant (P>0.05) influence of diets on testes andepididymalweights.Rabbit bucks fed 15% Gmelinaarborea leaf meal showedhighly significant (P0.05) influence of the dietary treatment on daily sperm production (DSP) and daily sperm production per gram testis (DSPG). The results also indicated that Gmelinaarborea leaf meal up to 15% in dietdid not adversely affect sperm production and sperm reserves in rabbit bucks.
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Successful surgical management of recurrent perineal hernia using colopexy and cystopexy in a dog
2016-04-17T06-01-04Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
Arvind Kumar Sharma, Kumari Chandrakala, Laxmi Kumari, Sourav Singh, Sanjit Kumar, Praveen Kumar.
The aim of this report is to describe the successful management of long standing and recurrent perineal hernia with transposition of internal obturator muscles, colopexy, cystopexy and castration in a non- descript dog.
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A prospective, multicenter survey on the validity of shorter periendoscopic cessation of antithrombotic agents in Japan
Abstract
Background
The management of antithrombotic agents for endoscopic procedures has recently focused on preventing periprocedural thrombosis in Western countries. However, this focus on shorter cessation of antithrombotic agents needs to be examined for its implications for post-procedural bleeding, with potential risk factors for such bleeding clarified in real-world clinical settings in Japan.
Methods
A Sapporo consensus group convened and developed a consensus document on the criteria for cessation of antithrombotic agents. In the multicenter, prospective, observational study that followed to validate the criteria in a real-world clinical setting, of all patients ≥20 years of age receiving antithrombotic agents and undergoing endoscopic procedures, all consenting patients were enrolled. All participating facilities were followed up on their adherence to the criteria and clinical outcomes, such as the occurrence of post-procedural bleeding and thrombosis.
Results
A total of 5250 patients, who accounted for 6944 endoscopic procedures, were enrolled from 19 study sites. The consensus criteria, which proved to be nearly consistent with the JSGE criteria revised in 2012, had been adhered to in a total of 6531 procedures performed in 4921 patients. Bleeding and thrombosis were reported in 53 (0.76 %) and two (0.03 %) patients, respectively, among those receiving antithrombotic agents. Post-procedural bleeding was significantly associated with high-bleeding-risk procedures, a high thromboembolic risk with heparin bridging, and the presence of renal failure/dialysis.
Conclusions
With the new criteria in place for cessation of antithrombotic agents focused on prevention of periprocedural thrombosis, endoscopic procedures may be safely performed without substantially increasing bleeding in clinical practice in Japan.
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