Objective: Irreversible hearing loss is a frequent side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin and shows considerable interpatient variability. The variant rs1872328 in the ACYP2 gene was recently identified as a risk factor for the development of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in children with brain tumors. We aimed to replicate this finding in patients with osteosarcoma. Methods: An independent cohort of 156 patients was genotyped for the rs1872328 variant and evaluated for the presence of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. Results: A significant association was observed between carriership of the A allele and cisplatin-induced ototoxicity after the end of treatment (P=0.027). Conclusion: This is the first study replicating the association of ACYP2 variant rs1872328 with cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in patients with osteosarcoma who did not receive potentially ototoxic cranial irradiation. Hence, the ACYP2 variant should be considered a predictive pharmacogenetic marker for hearing loss, which may be used to guide therapies for patients treated with cisplatin. Copyright (C) 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Δευτέρα 29 Φεβρουαρίου 2016
Identification of a serum transglutaminase threshold value for the noninvasive diagnosis of symptomatic adult celiac disease patients: a retrospective study
Abstract
Background
A celiac disease (CD) diagnosis is based on duodenal histology, with the exception of children showing anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) serum levels exceeding ten times the cut-off. Our aim was to reproduce this simplified approach in adults, identifying an anti-tTG threshold value useful to diagnose CD without endoscopic procedures.
Methods
A total of 671 adult CD patients were subjected to blood sampling to determine anti-tTG serum levels, as well as to endoscopy with biopsy to perform duodenal histology. The anti-tTG serum levels/cut-off ratio was compared with the degree of duodenal lesions.
Results
Anti-tTG serum levels/cut-off ratio determined in patients with type IIIc was significantly higher than that measured in patients with type IIIb (p < 0.001), IIIa (p < 0.001), II (p < 0.05) and 0 (p < 0.001) of Marsh–Oberhuber histological classification. A significant correlation (r = 0.297, p < 0.0001) was found between the anti-tTG serum levels/cut-off ratio and the degree of duodenal lesions. The anti-tTG serum levels/cut-off ratio was classified as an accurate parameter (AUC = 0.715, p < 0.0001), with the best diagnostic performance obtained considering the threshold value >3.6 (sensitivity = 76.8 %, PPV = 97.2 %).
Conclusions
The anti-tTG serum levels/cut-off ratio correlates with the degree of duodenal lesions and, if used with the threshold value >3.6, could avoid endoscopy with biopsy in about 75 % of seropositive adults waiting for CD diagnosis. However, since this procedure could also imply CD diagnosis in almost 3 % of seropositive patients with normal villous architecture, a consensus opinion is needed to suggest its use in the diagnosis of adult CD.
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Ultrasound Elastography is Useful for Evaluation of Liver Fibrosis in Children - A Systematic Review.
Objectives: Adult studies have proven ultrasound elastography as a validated measure of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to review the available literature on ultrasound elastography in children in order to evaluate the ability of the method to distinguish healthy from fibrotic liver tissue and investigate whether cut-off values for liver fibrosis in children have been established. Methods: A literature search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science to identify studies on ultrasound elastography of the liver in children. Only original research articles in English concerning ultrasound elastography in children with and without liver disease, younger than 18 years, were included. All reference lists of the included articles were hand-searched for further references. Results: Twenty-seven articles were included. Elastography in children without liver disease was investigated in 14 studies and were comparable to those existing for adults. Twelve studies compared elastography to liver biopsy in children with liver disease and found that cirrhosis was correctly diagnosed, whereas it was more difficult to assess severe fibrosis correctly. For the distinction between no, mild and moderate fibrosis in children with liver disease the method was less accurate. Ultrasound elastography was able to differentiate between children with and without liver fibrosis. In children without liver disease ultrasound elastography showed consistent liver stiffness values comparable to those found in adults. No fibrosis-specific cut-offs were proposed. Conclusion: Ultrasound elastography was able to diagnose cirrhosis, distinguish healthy from fibrotic liver tissue and showed consistent liver stiffness values in children without liver disease. (C) 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,
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Growth Pattern in Paediatric Crohn's Disease is Related to Inflammatory Status.
Objectives: The respective role of disease activity and steroid therapy in growth impairment in paediatric-onset Crohn's disease (CD) is still debated. Our aim was to investigate whether the growth pattern of CD children was correlated with the inflammatory status during the disease course, regardless the cumulative duration of steroid therapy. Methods: 107 patients with a diagnosis of CD =2 years and for whom >=2 height measures were available during follow-up, were identified between 1998 and 2010. Height, C-reactive protein (CRP), orosomucoid and steroid therapy duration were collected at each visit. The relationship between the evolution of growth velocity and inflammatory status during follow-up was investigated using a linear mixed model with random coefficients. Results: Median age at diagnosis was 11.7 years (Q1-Q3: 9.8-13.5). Mean height for age (H/A) z-score was 0.14 +/- 1.29 at diagnosis and 0.05 +/- 1.23 among the 75 patients who had reached their final height at maximal follow-up (median: 4.9 years; Q1-Q3: 3.8-6.4). Growth failure (H/A z-score
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Food Intake Adequacy in Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Objectives: Diet assessment is essential in the care of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to study food intake in children with IBD and evaluated the relationship of dietary intake with disease activity and nutritional status in these children. Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated 68 children and adolescents with IBD (57 Crohn's disease, 11 ulcerative colitis). Evaluation included clinical, laboratory and nutritional assessment including 3 days diet record. Results: Compared to RDA, the intake of patients with IBD was significantly poor for carbohydrates (75%, p = 0.016), calcium (49%, p
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Acculturation Strategies Among South Asian Immigrants: The Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) Study
Abstract
In the past, epidemiologic research on acculturation and health has been criticized for its conceptual ambiguity and simplistic measurement approaches. This study applied a widely-used theoretical framework from cross-cultural psychology to identify acculturation strategies among South Asian immigrants in the US and to examine sociodemographic correlates of acculturation strategies. Data were from the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America study. We used latent class analysis to identify groups of individuals that were similar based on cultural attitudes and behaviors. We used latent class regression analysis to examine sociodemographic correlates of acculturation strategies. We found that South Asian immigrants employed three acculturation strategies, including separation (characterized by a relatively high degree of preference for South Asian culture over US culture), assimilation (characterized by a relatively high degree of preference for US culture over South Asian culture), and integration (characterized by a similar level of preference for South Asian and US cultures). Respondents with no religious affiliation, those with higher levels of income, those who lived a greater percentage of their lives in the US, and those who spoke English well or very well were less likely to use the separation strategy than the assimilation or integration strategies. Using epidemiologic cohort data, this study illustrated a conceptual and methodological approach that addresses limitations of previous research on acculturation and health. More work is needed to understand how the acculturation strategies identified in this study affect the health of South Asian immigrants in the US.
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How to read a medical research article
An emergency medicine physician and educator shares his process for reading and analyzing a medical journal article
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Maurice Davis Band - The Wrong Goodbye
The Wrong Goodbye is the brain child of singer/songwriter Maurice Davis. The mission is to raise awareness, remove the stigmatism that keeps people silent and help bring suicide to an end.
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How to read a medical research article
An emergency medicine physician and educator shares his process for reading and analyzing a medical journal article
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Maurice Davis Band - The Wrong Goodbye
The Wrong Goodbye is the brain child of singer/songwriter Maurice Davis. The mission is to raise awareness, remove the stigmatism that keeps people silent and help bring suicide to an end.
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How to read a medical research article
An emergency medicine physician and educator shares his process for reading and analyzing a medical journal article
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Maurice Davis Band - The Wrong Goodbye
The Wrong Goodbye is the brain child of singer/songwriter Maurice Davis. The mission is to raise awareness, remove the stigmatism that keeps people silent and help bring suicide to an end.
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EMT-B & Dispatchers Needed, Philadelphia, PA - L&P Care Ambulance Inc.
Job Summary: Performs professional and technical duties to render basic life support care in the emergency and non-emergency transportation setting. Education: High school diploma or equivalent required. Certifications: Pennsylvania state certified EMT-B. BCLS certification (CPR). Driver's License - current and valid driver's license. Employees must adhere to all procedural guidelines in HR Policy 1-13 ...
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How to read a medical research article
An emergency medicine physician and educator shares his process for reading and analyzing a medical journal article
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Maurice Davis Band - The Wrong Goodbye
The Wrong Goodbye is the brain child of singer/songwriter Maurice Davis. The mission is to raise awareness, remove the stigmatism that keeps people silent and help bring suicide to an end.
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Full-time Paramedic $3500 Sign-on - EMSA/AMR
Paramedic – EMSA/Oklahoma City (Relocation Bonus Available) Want to make a real difference in the world and improve your own paramedic skills in the process" EMSA is seeking ambitious, resourceful caregivers to work full-time in our fast-paced, ALS, 911 system. We challenge paramedics by setting high performance standards and implementing innovative treatment protocols; we reward our team by offering ...
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Full-time Paramedic $3500 Sign-on - EMSA/AMR
Paramedic – EMSA, Tulsa, OK (Relocation Bonus Available) Want to make a real difference in the world and improve your own paramedic skills in the process" EMSA is seeking ambitious, resourceful caregivers to work full-time in our fast-paced, ALS, 911 system. We challenge paramedics by setting high performance standards and implementing innovative treatment protocols; we reward our team by offering ...
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EMS Billing, eCPR Software & Services
AIM strives to be the trusted national leader in the delivery of mission critical EMS software and services.
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Our Company, Our People, Our Customers
AIM strives to be the trusted national leader in the delivery of mission critical EMS software and services.
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ImageTrend to Demonstrate Elite Community Health™ at EMS Today
AKEVILLE, MINN. and BALTIMORE, MD. - ImageTrend, Inc. announced the public introduction of the enrollment feature in Elite Community Health, which helps agencies enroll community paramedicine patients into the optimal program, at EMS Today in Baltimore. Elite Community Health is the company's patient-centric community paramedicine solution, which is based on ImageTrend Elite's multi-platform ...
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Firefighter in Chagrin Falls Ohio Discovers a New Way to Lift Patient with Weak Shoulders
Binder Lift prevents possible trip to the ED >The Situation While conducting a 30-day field trial on the Binder Lift, Chagrin Falls firefighters responded to a woman who was found sitting on the floor and in need of lift assistance. Even though there was no injury to be found, the woman was anxious and tearful. After further assessment paramedic Ben Speidel learned that she had bilateral rotator ...
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Multiple neural signatures of social proof and deviance during the observation of other people's preferences
Abstract
Detecting one's agreement with or deviation from other people, a key principle of social cognition, relies on neurocognitive mechanisms involved in reward processing, mismatch detection, and attentional orienting. Previous studies have focused on explicit depictions of the (in)congruency of individual and group judgments. Here, we report data from a novel experimental paradigm in which participants first rated a set of images and were later simply confronted with other individuals' ostensible preferences. Participants strongly aligned their judgments in the direction of other people's deviation from their own initial rating, which was neither an effect of regression toward the mean nor of evaluative conditioning (Experiment 1). Most importantly, we provide neurophysiological evidence of the involvement of fundamental cognitive functions related to social comparison (Experiment 2), even though our paradigm did not overly boost this process. Mismatches, as compared to matches, of preferences were associated with an amplitude increase of a broadly distributed N400-like deflection, suggesting that social deviance is represented in the human brain in a similar way as conflicts or breaches of expectation. Also, both early (P2) and late (LPC) signatures of attentional selection were significantly modulated by the social (mis)match of preferences. Our data thus strengthen and valuably extend previous findings on the neurocognitive principles of social proof.
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Psychophysiological responses to auditory change
Abstract
A comprehensive characterization of autonomic and somatic responding within the auditory domain is currently lacking. We studied whether simple types of auditory change that occur frequently during music listening could elicit measurable changes in heart rate, skin conductance, respiration rate, and facial motor activity. Participants heard a rhythmically isochronous sequence consisting of a repeated standard tone, followed by a repeated target tone that changed in pitch, timbre, duration, intensity, or tempo, or that deviated momentarily from rhythmic isochrony. Changes in all parameters produced increases in heart rate. Skin conductance response magnitude was affected by changes in timbre, intensity, and tempo. Respiratory rate was sensitive to deviations from isochrony. Our findings suggest that music researchers interpreting physiological responses as emotional indices should consider acoustic factors that may influence physiology in the absence of induced emotions.
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Psychophysiological arousal and inter- and intraindividual differences in risk-sensitive decision making
Abstract
The current study assessed peripheral responses during decision making under explicit risk, and tested whether intraindividual variability in choice behavior can be explained by fluctuations in peripheral arousal. Electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR) were monitored in healthy volunteers (N = 68) during the Roulette Betting Task. In this task, participants were presented with risky gambles to bet on, with the chances of winning varying across trials. Hierarchical Bayesian analyses demonstrated that EDA and HR acceleration responses during the decision phase were sensitive to the chances of winning. Interindividual differences in this peripheral reactivity during risky decision making were related to trait sensitivity to punishment and trait sensitivity to reward. Moreover, trial-by-trial variation in EDA and HR acceleration responses predicted a small portion of intraindividual variability in betting choices. Our results show that psychophysiological responses are sensitive to explicit risk and can help explain intraindividual heterogeneity in choice behavior.
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Management of Foreign Body Safety Pin (Closed and Open) in Bronchus and Oesophagus – A Technical Note
2016-02-29T05-09-57Z
Source: The Southeast Asian Journal of Case Report and Review
Sathish A Ponni, Sithananda Kumar Venkatesan, Sivaraman Ganesan, Kalaiarasi Raja, Arun Alexander, Sunil Kumar Saxena.
Safety pin as a foreign body in upper aero digestive tract is not a common occurrence and accounts for less than 3% of all trachea bronchial foreign bodies, yet it is of great concern to all ENT surgeons. This is because of its sharp end, which can result in impaction in aerodigestive tract resulting in lethal intra operative and post operative complications. This study highlights the potential risk of accidental ingestion and aspiration of safety pin which is a common household object and various techniques we follow to remove a safety pin via bronchoscopy and esophagoscopy.
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The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in patients with severe acute pancreatitis
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
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Vitamin D supplementation and quality of life following diagnosis in stage II colorectal cancer patients: a 24-month prospective study
Supportive Care in Cancer
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Potential dual role of activating transcription factor 3 in colorectal cancer
Anticancer Research
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Factors associated with the success of in vitro fertilization in women with inflammatory bowel disease
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
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Patient safety during sedation by anesthesia professionals during routine upper endoscopy and colonoscopy: an analysis of 1.38 million procedures
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
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A comparison of survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein invasion treated by radioembolization or Sorafenib
Liver International
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Management of eosinophilic esophagitis during pregnancy
Digestive Diseases and Sciences
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Incorporating HIV/hepatitis B virus/hepatitis C virus combined testing into routine blood tests in nine UK Emergency Departments: The Going Viral campaign
HIV Medicine
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Inhibition of colon cancer growth by docosahexaenoic acid involves autocrine production of TNFα
Oncogene
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Racial disparities in treatment and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States
Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition
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Preoperative low-dose weekly cisplatin and continuous infusion fluorouracil plus hyperfractionated radiotherapy in stage II–III esophageal carcinoma
Clinical and Translational Oncology
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Simeprevir and sofosbuvir with or without ribavirin to treat recurrent genotype 1 hepatitis C virus infection after orthotopic liver transplantation
Liver Transplantation
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Inflammatory bowel disease affects the outcome of fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent clostridium difficile infection
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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The risk of associated diarrhea in nasogastric tube insertion: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Digestive and Liver Diseases
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Effect of index hospitalization costs on readmission among patients undergoing major abdominal surgery
JAMA Surgery
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Phase I study of pre-operative continuous 5-FU and sorafenib with external radiation therapy in locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma
Radiotherapy & Oncology
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Is timing of medical therapy related to outcome in painful chronic pancreatitis
Pancreas
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Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy with Divided-dose Docetaxel, Cisplatin and Fluorouracil for Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus
Anticancer Research
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Propensity score-matched study of laparoscopic and open surgery for colorectal cancer in rural hospitals
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
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Babies born with gastroschisis and followed up to the age of six years faced long-term morbidity and impairments
Acta Pediatrica
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4’-THIODNA: UNEXPECTED BEHAVIOUR
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
Mohamed I. Elzagheid.
This viewpoint briefly discusses the impact of 4-thiosubstitution on oligonucleotides behaviour. The study in the reviewed articles has shown unexpected A-form formation, and unexpected RNA-like behaviour of the 4-thioDNA. This has been confirmed by the unexpected interaction of 4-thioDNA with Lividomycin A, a RNA major groove binder, and by resistance to cleavage by DNase I, which is a DNA-specific endonuclease. 4-ThioDNAwas also recognized by RNase V1 which is a RNA-specific endonuclease. These all findings will trigger the main focus of this viewpoint.
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ANIMATION TECHNIQUE: AN EFFECTIVE TOOL TO UNDERSTAND CERTAIN BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES LIKE BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
Joshi P. N..
Background: Learning or computer assisted teaching-learning is becoming popular at every stage of life. Animation is one of the computer applications and can have its impact on teaching-learning process. Aims: The present study was designed to know whether the use of animation technique, in teaching can improve the process of understanding Methods: For this a group of 50 students was selected. The objectives of the study were explained to them. Pre-test was conducted by giving questionnaire. The topic was taught to them using overhead projector slides. Post test 1 was conducted giving same questionnaire. Then same topic was taught to them using animation tool. Post test 2 was conducted. The data obtained in the form of correct answers for all the three tests was analyzed statistically. At the same time feedback forms were given to all the students for purpose of analyzing the results qualitatively. Results: The results of pretest (P= NS) and posttest1 (p
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SCIENTOMETRICS: A NEED FOR PHYSICAL THERAPY
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
Mahamed Ateef.
Due to the emergence of electronic media into science and technology, the awareness and acquaintance to scientific data has been increased during the past three decades. Internet facilities have made possible the reach of data to all the academicians/researchers. Mushrooming of publications and duplication of articles has been tremendously increased in the recent years. Due to the emergence of new science called scientometrics, the quality and quantity of scientific material is expected to be measured and analyzed on the basis of scientific measures. This modern technology measures not only the published material also the evaluation of scientists (H-index) and their role in particular field along with the ranking of field experts and expertise. These measures and analysis not only determines the impact of scientific work but also the upcoming researchers to choose particular field experts for their ongoing work to yield authenticated outcomes and validation of research performance. Scientometrics basically focuses on assessment and evaluation of scientific rigor 1.And emphasize the relative growth and scientific priority in many fields. The modern Scientometrics also means to explain the quality of work based on bibliometric analysis of scientific publications and citations. In brief Scientometrics is the study of measuring and analysis of science and its innovations
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SERUM LACTATE DEHYDROGENASE LEVELS IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT CARCINOMA PATIENTS BEFORE AND AFTER SURGERY
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
V. Bhagyalakshmi, N. Sundara Veena, C. H. Ratna Kumar, G. V. Benerji, M. Jaiprakash Babu.
Background and Objectives: To study the role of Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) as a diagnostic parameter in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) carcinoma patients. To compare the level of serum Lactate Dehydrogenase in metastatic and non metastatic Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma patients. To evaluate preoperative and post operative serum Lactate Dehydrogenase level in Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma patients. Materials and Methods: Studied 20 patients of Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma admitted in surgical ward were selected for study group. Out of 20 patients, 15 patients were Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma without metastasis. 5 patients were Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma with metastasis. 20 healthy individuals were included in the control group. The correlation of serum Lactate Dehydrogenase levels in pre operative and post operative Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma patients were studied. Results: Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase levels were elevated in pre operative GIT carcinoma patients with and without metastasis. Serum Lactate Dehydrogenase levels were decreased in post operative patients of Gastrointestinal tract carcinoma without metastasis but elevated in postoperative patients with metastasis. Conclusion: The study showed serum Lactate Dehydrogenase as an independent diagnostic and prognostic bio marker.
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ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ON REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AMONG THE WOMEN
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
Kumari M. J..
Introduction: The aim of study was to assess the level of knowledge on reproductive health among the women at Puducherry and find out relationship between the knowledge on reproductive health and the selected clinical variables of women. Material and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adapted to assess the level of knowledge on reproductive health among the women in multi-specialty Hospital, Puducherry. Consecutive sampling technique was used to select 500 women who were fulfilling the inclusion criteria. The data collection was done in regional language (Tamil) by face to face interview method through using structured interview schedule. Results: The study findings revealed that the level of knowledge on reproductive health among the 500 women, 220(44%) had inadequate knowledge, 253 (50.6%) women had moderately adequate knowledge and only 27 (5.4%) women had adequate knowledge. The mean value of knowledge regarding reproductive health among the women was 6.8 with the standard deviation of 2.4. There was statistically significant relationship found between the knowledge and history of reproductive health problems, family history of reproductive illness and use of family planning methods among the women. Conclusion: The study concluded that out of 500 women, only 27 had adequate knowledge on reproductive health. It shows that they want to improve their knowledge on reproductive health to prevent reproductive disease and promote their health. The health care providers have to take right steps promptly to reduce mortality and morbidity of the women..
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A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CLONIDINE VERSUS TRAMADOL AS ADDITIVE TO BUPIVACAINE IN EPIDURAL ANAESTHESIA
2016-02-29T03-14-14Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
Mahesh Sutariya, Anand J. Amin, Miss Archana B. Behl.
Introduction: Pain is unpleasant sensory-emotional experience and one of the most feared symptoms experienced. Epidural anesthesia is safe, well practiced and inexpensive neuraxial block technique. Bupivacaine is commonly used for epidural anaesthesia. Researches have been conducted to identify different techniques and drugs that improve the quality of surgical anaesthesia, prolong the effect of bupivacaine and duration of postoperative analgesia. Objectives: To evaluate efficacy of epidural tramadol and clonidine used as adjuvant to bupivacaine. To compare onset and duration of sensory and motor blockade, quality of anaesthesia and duration of postoperative analgesia. Methods: A prospective, randomized placebo control study was undertaken, involving 90 patients from SMIMER hospital, Surat. Three groups were allotted 30 patients each and were given, bupivacaine+saline (Group A)/ Bupivacaine+tramadol (Group B)/ bupivacaine+clonidine (Group C). Results were recorded and analyzed. Results: The onset of sensory block was fastest in Group C. Total duration of sensory blockade was longest in Group B. Total duration of analgesia was longest in Group B, followed by Group C based upon Visual Analogue Scale. Both tramadol (Group B) and clonidine (Group C) prolong duration of analgesia and decrease requirement of post-operative analgesic doses and amongst them tramadol (Group B) is superior. Conclusion: Tramadol and clonidine both are used as adjuvant to bupivacaine for epidural anaesthesia and post-operative analgesia. Tramadol provides longer duration of post-operative analgesia without sedation and requirement of analgesic is less within 24 hours. Tramadol is useful because of its cost effectiveness and easy availability.
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