Παρασκευή 7 Σεπτεμβρίου 2018

Resistance training in young men induces muscle transcriptome-wide changes associated with muscle structure and metabolism refining the response to exercise-induced stress

Abstract

Background

Gene expression is an important process underpinning the acute and chronic adaptive response to resistance exercise (RE) training.

Purpose

To investigate the effect of training status on vastus lateralis muscle global transcriptome at rest and following acute RE.

Methods

Muscle biopsies of nine young men (age: 26(2) years; body mass: 69(9) kg; height 172(6) cm) who undertook RE training for 10 weeks were collected pre and 24 h post-RE in the untrained (W1) and trained (W10) states and analysed using microarray. Tests of differential expression were conducted for rested and after RE contrasts in both training states. To control for false discovery rate (FDR), multiple testing correction was performed at a cut-off of FDR < 0.05.

Results

Unaccustomed RE (at W1) upregulated muscle gene transcripts related to stress (e.g., heat shock proteins), damage and inflammation, structural remodelling, protein turnover and increased translational capacity. Trained muscles (at W10) showed changes in the transcriptome signature regarding the regulation of energy metabolism, favouring a more oxidative one, upregulated antioxidant- and immune-related genes/terms, and gene transcripts related to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix, muscle contraction, development and growth.

Conclusions

These results highlight that chronic repetition of RE changes muscle transcriptome response towards a more refined response to RE-induced stress.



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Discovery of QTL Alleles for Grain Shape in the Japan-MAGIC Rice Population Using Haplotype Information

A majority of traits are determined by multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that can have pleiotropic effects. A multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population is well suited for genetically analyzing the effects of multiple QTLs on traits of interest because it contains a higher number of QTL alleles than a biparental population. We previously produced the JAPAN-MAGIC (JAM) population, derived from eight rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars with high yield and biomass in Japan, and developed the method of genome-wide association study (GWAS) using haplotype information on the JAM lines. This method was effective for identifying major genes such as Waxy for eating quality and Sd1 for culm length. Here, we show that haplotype-based GWAS is also effective for the evaluation of multiple QTLs with small effects on rice grain shape in the JAM lines. Although both the haplotype- and SNP-based GWAS identified multiple QTLs for grain length and width, the sum of the estimated trait values of each allele for the QTLs detected by haplotype-based GWAS had higher correlation with observed values than those detected by SNP-based GWAS, indicating high-accuracy QTL detection in the haplotype-based GWAS. Furthermore, the study revealed pleiotropic effects of some QTL regions in regulation of grain shape, suggesting that the haplotype-based GWAS using the JAM lines is an effective means to evaluate the main and side effects of haplotypes at each QTL. Information on the pleiotropic effects of haplotypes on various traits will be useful for designing ideal lines in a breeding program.



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Natural Genetic Variation in Yeast Reveals That NEDD4 Is a Conserved Modifier of Mutant Polyglutamine Aggregation

A feature common to late onset proteinopathic disorders is an accumulation of toxic protein conformers and aggregates in affected tissues. In the search for potential drug targets, many studies used high-throughput screens to find genes that modify the cytotoxicity of misfolded proteins. A complement to the latter approach is to focus on strategies that use protein aggregation as a phenotypic readout to identify pathways that control aggregate formation and maintenance. Here we use natural variation between strains of budding yeast to genetically map loci that influence the aggregation of a polyglutamine-containing protein derived from a mutant form of huntingtin, the causative agent in Huntington disease. Linkage analysis of progeny derived from a cross between wild and laboratory yeast strains revealed two polymorphic loci that modify polyglutamine aggregation. One locus contains the gene RFU1 which modifies ubiquitination states of misfolded proteins targeted by the E3-ubiquitin ligase complex Rsp5. Activity of the Rsp5 complex, and the mammalian homolog NEDD4, are critical in maintaining protein homeostasis in response to proteomic stress. Our analysis also showed linkage of aggregation phenotype to a distinct locus containing a gene encoding the Rsp5-interacting Bul2 protein. Allele-swap experiments validated the impact of both RFU1 and BUL2 on huntingtin aggregation. Furthermore, we found that the nematode C. elegans' ortholog of Rsp5, wwp-1, also negatively regulates polyglutamine aggregation. Knockdown of the NEDD4 in human cells likewise altered polyglutamine aggregation. Taken together, these results implicate conserved processes involving the ubiquitin regulation network that regulate protein aggregation and provide novel therapeutic targets for polyglutamine and other protein folding diseases.



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Genomic Prediction Using Multi-trait Weighted GBLUP Accounting for Heterogeneous Variances and Covariances Across the Genome

Implicit assumption of common (co)variance for all loci in multi-trait Genomic Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (GBLUP) results in a genomic relationship matrix (G) that is common to all traits. When this assumption is violated, Bayesian whole genome regression methods may be superior to GBLUP by accounting for unequal (co)variance for all loci or genome regions. This study aimed to develop a strategy to improve the accuracy of GBLUP for multi-trait genomic prediction, using (co)variance estimates of SNP effects from Bayesian whole genome regression methods. Five generations (G1-G5, test populations) of genotype data were available by simulations based on data of 2,200 Danish Holstein cows (G0, reference population). Two correlated traits with heritabilities of 0.1 or 0.4, and a genetic correlation of 0.45 were generated. First, SNP effects and breeding values were estimated using BayesAS method, assuming (co)variance was the same for SNPs within a genome region, and different between regions. Region size was set as one SNP, 100 SNPs, a whole chromosome or whole genome. Second, posterior (co)variances of SNP effects were used to weight SNPs in construction of G matrices. In general, region size of 100 SNPs led to highest prediction accuracies using BayesAS, and wGBLUP outperformed GBLUP at this region size. Our results suggest that when genetic architectures of traits favor Bayesian methods, the accuracy of multi-trait GBLUP can be as high as the Bayesian method if SNPs are weighted by the Bayesian posterior (co)variances.



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Bulked-Segregant Analysis Coupled to Whole Genome Sequencing (BSA-Seq) for Rapid Gene Cloning in Maize

Forward genetics remains a powerful method for revealing the genes underpinning organismal form and function, and for revealing how these genes are tied together in gene networks. In maize, forward genetics has been tremendously successful, but the size and complexity of the maize genome made identifying mutant genes an often arduous process with traditional methods. The next generation sequencing revolution has allowed for the gene cloning process to be significantly accelerated in many organisms, even when genomes are large and complex. Here, we describe a bulked-segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-Seq) protocol for cloning mutant genes in maize. Our simple strategy can be used to quickly identify a mapping interval and candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from whole genome sequencing of pooled F2 individuals. We employed this strategy to identify narrow odd dwarf as an enhancer of teosinte branched1, and to identify a new allele of defective kernel1. Our method provides a quick, simple way to clone genes in maize.



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Biomechanical Evaluation of Lumbar Lateral Interbody Fusion for the Treatment of Adjacent Segment Disease

Adjacent segment disease (ASD) is a well-known complication after lumbar fusion. Lumbar lateral interbody fusion (LLIF) may provide an alternative method of treatment for ASD while avoiding the morbidity associated with revision surgery through a traditional posterior approach. This is the first biomechanical study to evaluate the stability of lateral-based constructs for treating ASD in existing multilevel fusion model.

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Lamivudine prophylaxis prevents hepatitis B virus reactivation in anti-HBc positive patients under rituximab for non–Hodgkin lymphoma

A significant proportion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative/anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive patients with non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) undergoing rituximab-based chemotherapy (R-CT) may suffer hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation.

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Instructor of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) - Wharton County Junior College

**Instructor of Emergency Medical Services (EMS)** **Wharton County Junior College** **Closing Date/Time:** 09/19/18 **Salary:** $45,050.00 - $56,550.00 Annually **Job Type:** Faculty Full Time **Location:** Wharton Campus, 911 Boling Highway, Wharton, Texas **Position Description:** Pay for this position is based on a 9 month contract. The permanent responsibility of a faculty member is to provide ...

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Lamivudine prophylaxis prevents hepatitis B virus reactivation in anti-HBc positive patients under rituximab for non–Hodgkin lymphoma

A significant proportion of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) negative/anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) positive patients with non–Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) undergoing rituximab-based chemotherapy (R-CT) may suffer hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation.

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Intrinsic Network Reactivity Differentiates Levels of Consciousness in Comatose Patients

Coma and other disorders of consciousness (DOC) is associated with profound reductions in wakefulness and awareness (Bruno et al., 2011; Giacino et al., 2014; Laureys, 2005). Linking these behavioral markers with specific injury attributes remains a persistent clinical challenge (McGee et al., 2016). Electroencephalographic recordings offer the potential to help to disassociate underlying causes of DOC by revealing systematic electrophysiological correlates of injury and behavior (Sitt et al., 2014; Sebastiano et al., 2015).

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Superion, TriTech, Zuercher, and Aptean’s Public Sector Business merge to form CentralSquare Technologies

LAKE MARY, Fla. — Created by the merger of four innovative software businesses, CentralSquare Technologies launched today as an industry leading provider of public sector software. The completed merger brings together the capabilities of Superion, TriTech Software Systems along with Zuercher Technologies, and the public sector and healthcare business of Aptean. CentralSquare today provides...

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Patient care: First and last impressions make the difference

Positive beginning and ending patient interactions fall into the "serial positioning effect" and can boost patient care reviews

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Paramedics and AEMTs Needed!! - Priority Ambulance

_**Priority Ambulance is looking for hardworking, caring, and patient care focused individuals to join our family!**_ **What we have to offer: ** - **Competitive Revised Pay Based on Experience** - **Longevity, Attendance and Experience Bonuses** - **Uniform Allowances that cover everything** - **Generous 3 Weeks of PTO First Year** - **New Equipment with Full Sized Trucks** - **Flexible Schedules: ...

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Paramedic - Sierra Medical Services Alliance

**Essential Job Tasks** This position will require fieldwork - staffing and riding in an ambulance or medical helicopter. The candidate will be required to perform under adverse working conditions. These conditions may require special uniforms or protective clothing for all weather and airborne and bloodborne exposures. Candidates must able to walk, stoop, climb, twist, bend, run, squat, kneel, and ...

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Paramedics and AEMTs Needed!! - Priority Ambulance

_**Priority Ambulance is looking for hardworking, caring, and patient care focused individuals to join our family!**_ **What we have to offer: ** - **Competitive Revised Pay Based on Experience** - **Longevity, Attendance and Experience Bonuses** - **Uniform Allowances that cover everything** - **Generous 3 Weeks of PTO First Year** - **New Equipment with Full Sized Trucks** - **Flexible Schedules: ...

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Paramedic $5000 Sign-on bonus - Riggs Ambulance Services

## **$5,000 PARAMEDIC SIGN-ON BONUS ** **Paramedic's annual salary with benefits $63,438 - $77,814 \* Competitive benefits with employer paid Group Life Insurance \* 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan \* Education & Training and more.** **RIGGS** is the exclusive Advanced Life Support provider in Merced County and Accredited by the Commission on the Accreditation of Ambulance Services (CAAS).  RIGGS is the ...

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Paramedics Needed!! - Puckett EMS

_**$4,500 Tuition Reimbursement for Paramedics! $1,500 for Critical Care Training!**_ **Puckett EMS is currently hiring Paramedics & EMTs for our Tennessee Operation:** - **Competitive Revised Pay Based on Experience** - **Longevity and Experience Bonuses** - **Uniform Allowances that cover everything** - **Generous 3 Weeks of PTO First Year** - **Flexible Schedules: 9, 12, 16 & 24-hour Shifts** - **New ...

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Join the 2nd annual NY Tactical EMS Expo

MELVILLE, N.Y. – The 2nd Annual NY Tactical EMS Expo is coming to Long Island January 5th and 6th, 2019, at the Huntington Hilton Expo Center in Melville, NY. The expo will feature 2 events under 1 roof bringing together the best training and products in the fields of EMS, Fire and Law Enforcement. There is 10,000 square feet of vendors, exhibits and public safety trade show featuring...

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Implementing crew resource management tactics in emergency medicine

CRM strategies include a consensus among crew members and confirmed communications that make tasks more efficient

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Use checklists to counter the effects of fatigue, improve patient care

Avoid missteps, reduce errors and give hospital staff an in-depth preview of a patient's condition

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Sepsis alert: How to diagnose septic shock

Decreasing mortality through recognizing, reporting, and treating sepsis in the field

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Implementing crew resource management tactics in emergency medicine

CRM strategies include a consensus among crew members and confirmed communications that make tasks more efficient

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Sepsis alert: How to diagnose septic shock

Decreasing mortality through recognizing, reporting, and treating sepsis in the field

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Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive atelectasis after general anesthesia in a patient with abscess in the maxillofacial area: A case report.

Related Articles

Diagnosis and treatment of obstructive atelectasis after general anesthesia in a patient with abscess in the maxillofacial area: A case report.

J Dent Anesth Pain Med. 2018 Aug;18(4):271-275

Authors: Um BK, Ku JK, Kim YS

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to report and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of obstructive atelectasis secondary to pus obstruction in a patient who had developed a maxillofacial abscess, and to review the literature on similar cases. Persistently discharging pus within the oral cavity can act as an aspirate, and may lead to obstructive atelectasis. Additionally, maxillofacial surgery patients should be carefully assessed for the presence of risk factors of obstructive atelectasis, such as, epistaxis after nasotracheal intubation, oral bleeding, and mucus secretion. Furthermore, patients with these risk factors should be continuously followed up by monitoring SPO2, breath sounds, and chest x-ray.

PMID: 30186975 [PubMed]



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The TBI-CareQOL Measurement System: Development and preliminary validation of health-related quality of life measures for caregivers of civilians and service members/veterans with traumatic brain injury

Publication date: Available online 7 September 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Author(s): Noelle E. Carlozzi, Michael A. Kallen, Robin Hanks, Elizabeth A. Hahn, Tracey A. Brickell, Rael T. Lange, Louis M. French, Anna L. Kratz, David S. Tulsky, David Cella, Jennifer A. Miner, Phillip A. Ianni, Angelle M. Sander

Abstract
Objective

To develop a new measurement system, the TBI-CareQOL, that can evaluate both general and caregiving-specific aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in caregivers of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Design

New item pools were developed and refined using literature reviews, qualitative data from focus groups, and cognitive debriefing with caregivers of civilians and service members/veterans with TBI, as well as expert review, reading level assessment, and translatability review; existing item banks and new item pools were assessed using an online data capture system. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, and differential item functioning analyses were utilized to develop new caregiver-specific item banks. Known-groups validity was examined using a series of independent samples t tests comparing caregivers of low-functioning vs. caregivers of high-functioning persons with TBI for each of the new measures, as well as for 10 existing PROMIS measures.

Setting

Three TBI Model Systems rehabilitation hospitals, an academic medical center, and a military medical treatment facility.

Participants

560 caregivers of civilians (n = 344) or service members/veterans with TBI (n = 216).

Interventions

Not applicable.

Main Outcome Measures

The TBI-CareQOL Measurement System (including 5 new measures and 10 existing PROMIS measures)

Results

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, and differential item functioning analyses supported the development of five new item banks for Feelings of Loss-Self, Feelings of Loss-Person with TBI, Caregiver-Specific Anxiety, Feeling Trapped, and Caregiver Strain. In support of validity, individuals who were caring for low-functioning persons with TBI had significantly worse HRQOL than caregivers that were caring for high-functioning persons with TBI for both the new caregiver-specific HRQOL measures, and for the 10 existing PROMIS measures

Conclusions

The TBI-CareQOL includes both validated PROMIS measures and newly developed caregiver-specific measures. Together, these generic and specific measures provide a comprehensive assessment of HRQOL for caregivers of civilians and service members/veterans with TBI.



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Investigation of a New Couples Intervention for Individuals with Brain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Publication date: Available online 7 September 2018

Source: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation

Author(s): Samantha Backhaus, Dawn Neumann, Devan Parrott, Flora M. Hammond, Claire Brownson, James Malec

Abstract
Objective

This study aimed to (1) examine the efficacy of a treatment to enhance a couple's relationship after brain injury (BI) particularly in relationship satisfaction and communication; and (2) determine couples' satisfaction with this type of intervention. Design: Randomized Wait-list Controlled (WC) Trial. Setting: Midwestern outpatient BI rehabilitation center. Intervention: The Couples CARE intervention is a 16 week, 2-hour, manualized small group treatment utilizing psychoeducation, affect recognition and empathy training, cognitive and dialectical behavioral treatments (CBT, DBT), communication skills training, and Gottman's theoretical framework for couples. Participants: Forty-four participants (22 persons with BI and their intimate partner) were randomized by couples to the intervention or WC group, with 11 couples in each group. Main Outcome Measures: Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS); Quality of Marriage Index (QMI); 4 Horsemen of the Apocalypse communication questionnaire. Measures were completed by the person with BI and their partner at 3 time points: baseline, immediate post-intervention, 3-month follow-up.

Results

The experimental group showed significant improvement at post-test and follow-up on the DAS and the Horsemen questionnaire compared to baseline and to the WC group which showed no significant changes on these measures. No significant effects were observed on the QMI for either group. Satisfaction scores were largely favorable.

Conclusion

suggest this intervention can improve couples' dyadic adjustment and communication after BI. High satisfaction ratings suggest this small group intervention is feasible with couples following BI. Future directions for this intervention are discussed.



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SPERM EPIGENOME AS A MARKER OF ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE AND LIFESTYLE, AT THE ORIGIN OF DISEASES INHERITANCE

Publication date: Available online 7 September 2018

Source: Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

Author(s): Benazir Siddeek, Claire Mauduit, Umberto Simeoni, Mohamed Benahmed

Abstract

Paternal exposure to environmental challenges plays a critical role in the offspring's future health and the transmission of acquired traits through generations. This review summarizes our current knowledge in the new field of epigenomic paternal transmission of health and disease. Epidemiological studies identified that paternal ageing or challenges (imbalanced diets, stress, toxicants, cigarette smoke, alcohol) increased the risk of offspring to develop diseases such as cancer, metabolic, cardiovascular, and neurological diseases. These data were confirmed and deepened in animal models of exposure to challenges including low-protein, low-folate, high-fat diets, exposure to chemicals such as pesticides and herbicides. Even though some toxicants have mutagenic effect on sperm DNA, changes in sperm epigenome seem to be a common thread between different types of challenges. Indeed, epigenetic changes (DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, small non-coding RNA) in sperm are described as new mechanisms of intergenerational transmission as demonstrated for dioxin, for example. Those epimutations induce dysregulation in genes expression involved in key cellular pathways such as reactive oxygen species and genome stability regulation, in brain-derived neurotrophic factor, calcium and glucocorticoid signaling, and in lipid and glucose metabolism, leading to diseases in offspring. Finally, since each type of environmental challenges has its own signature by inducing epimutations at specific genomic loci, the sperm epigenome might be used as a biomarker in toxicological and risk assessments.



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Transarterial chemoembolization plus sorafenib for the management of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Gastroenterology

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Tolvaptan treatment improves survival of cirrhotic patients with ascites and hyponatremia

BMC Gastroenterology

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Characterization of a novel regulatory pathway for mannitol metabolism and its coordination with biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis

Publication date: Available online 7 September 2018

Source: Journal of Genetics and Genomics

Author(s): Jialing Hu, Hua Zhang, Si Zhou, Weihui Li, Zheng-Guo He

Abstract

Biofilm formation has been implicated to be tightly regulated in bacteria. Mycobacterial species possess a unique cell-wall structure; however, the underlying regulation mechanism for their biofilm formation remains largely unclear. In this study, we characterized a hypothetical mannitol metabolism and transportation gene cluster (Ms5571–Ms5576), designated as mmt operon, whose expression significantly contributes to the biofilm formation in Mycobacterium smegmatis. We showed that in the operon the Ms5575 gene encodes a GntR-like transcriptional repressor and the Ms5576 gene encodes a mannitol 2-dehydrogenase which can produce D-mannitol from D-mannose. Strikingly, the D-mannitol molecule can derepress the negative regulation of Ms5575 on the mmt operon to stimulate the operon's expression. Consistently, addition of D-mannitol into the medium can obviously induce mycobacterial biofilm formation. Furthermore, we found that Ms0179 positively regulates the mmt operon through its downstream regulator Ms0180. Ms0180 directly binds the mmt operon to positively regulate its expression. Both Ms0179 and Ms0180 significantly affect the mycobacterial biofilm formation. Taken together, we explored a regulatory pathway for the mannitol metabolism and its coordination with the biofilm formation in M. smegmatis. This finding provides novel insights into the unique mechanism of the biofilm formation regulation in mycobacteria.



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Periodic Limb Movements in Sleep: Prevalence and Associated Sleepiness in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort

Publication date: Available online 6 September 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Eileen B. Leary, Hyatt E. Moore, Logan D. Schneider, Laurel A. Finn, Paul E. Peppard, Emmanuel Mignot

Abstract
Objectives

Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are thought to be prevalent in elderly populations, but their impact on quality of life remains unclear. We examined the prevalence of PLMS, impact of age on prevalence, and association between PLMS and sleepiness.

Methods

We identified limb movements in 2,335 Wisconsin Sleep Cohort polysomnograms collected over 12 years. Prevalence of periodic limb movement index (PLMI) ≥15 was calculated at baseline (n=1,084). McNemar's test assessed changes in prevalence over time. Association of sleepiness and PLMS evaluated using linear mixed modeling and generalized estimating equations. Models adjusted for confounders.

Results

Prevalence of PLMI ≥15 at baseline was 25.3%. Longitudinal prevalence increased significantly with age (p=2.97x10-14). Sleepiness did not differ significantly between PLMI groups unless stratified by restless legs syndrome (RLS) symptoms. The RLS+/PLM+ group was sleepier than the RLS+/PLM- group. Multiple Sleep Latency Test trended towards increased alertness in the RLS-/PLM+ group compared to RLS-/PLM-.

Conclusions

A significant number of adults have PLMS and prevalence increased with age. No noteworthy association between PLMI category and sleepiness unless stratified by RLS symptoms.

Significance

Our results indicate that RLS and PLMS may have distinct clinical consequences and interactions that can help guide treatment approach.



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EEG coherence in a mental arithmetic task performance in first episode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder

Publication date: Available online 6 September 2018

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Yuliya Zaytseva, Zhanna Garakh, Vladimir Novototsky-Vlasov, Isaac Ya. Gurovich, Alexander Shmukler, Anna Papaefstathiou, Jiří Horáček, Filip Španiel, Valeria B. Strelets

Abstract
Objectives

To evaluate the coherence values of the cortical bands in patients with first episode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder during the performance of a mental arithmetic task.

Method

We analysed EEG coherence in the resting state and subsequently while counting down from 200 in steps of 7 in 32 first episode schizophrenia patients (SZ), 32 patients with first episode schizoaffective disorder (SA) and 40 healthy controls (HC).

Results

Task performance in HC is characterised by decreased coherence in the alpha bands and increased coherence in the beta 2 and gamma bands in frontal sites. In SZ, coherence decreases in the alpha band, whereas in SA it substantially increases in the alpha, beta1, beta 2 and gamma bands.

Conclusions

Despite no differences in performance on a behavioural level, SA patients demonstrate a paradoxical increase in both low and fast frequency bands during the performance of a mental arithmetic task, while, patients with SZ show a decreased coherence in the alpha band, presumably alluding to the excessive excitatory (in SA) and inhibitory (in SZ) mechanisms in cognitive processing.

Significance

The current study provides evidence for the distinction of neurophysiological mechanisms of cognitive processing between SZ and SA.



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Impact of administration mode on Orofacial Appearance assessment using the Orofacial Esthetic Scale

Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


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The effect of maternal metabolic status on offspring health: A role for skeletal muscle?

The Journal of Physiology, Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-.


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The Impact of Tobacco Cigarette Smoking on Spinal Cord Stimulation Effectiveness in Chronic Spine–Related Pain Patients

Background and Objectives Despite the observation that select nicotine receptor agonists have analgesic effects, smokers report higher pain scores and more functional impairments than lifelong nonsmokers, attributable to exaggerated stress responses, receptor desensitization, and altered pharmacokinetics compounded by accelerated structural damage resulting from impaired bone healing, osteoporosis, and advancement of disk disease. We hypothesized that smoking diminishes the analgesic response to spinal cord stimulation (SCS) in patients with chronic spine–related pain conditions. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed at Cleveland Clinic by collecting and assessing data of 213 patients who had been implanted with SCS for spine-pain indications. History of tobacco smoking was subcategorized into 3 categories: past (former smoker), present (current smoker), or those who had never previously smoked (lifelong nonsmokers), and a multivariable linear regression was run to measure the correlation, if any, between smoking status and numerical rating scale pain score. In addition, opioid consumption at baseline and 12-month follow-up, expressed in milligram oral morphine equivalents, was collected and compared. Results Adjusted for differences, at 1-year follow-up, current smokers (n = 62) reported numerical rating scale pain score of 7.0, which is 1.93 (P

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