Τρίτη 8 Μαΐου 2018

Predicted Glycerol 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Homologs and the Glycerol Kinase GlcA Coordinately Adapt to Various Carbon Sources and Osmotic Stress in Aspergillus fumigatus

Glycerol plays an important role in the adaptation of fungi to various microenvironments and stressors, including heat shock, anoxic conditions and osmotic stress. Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (G3PDH) is able to catalyze dihydroxyacetone phosphate to glycerol 3-phosphate (G3P), which is subsequently dephosphorylated into glycerol. However, current knowledge about the functions of G3PDH homologs in glycerol biosynthesis in Aspergillus fumigatus is limited. Here, we show that the A. fumigatus G3PDH gene, gfdA, is crucial for normal colony growth in glucose media under both normoxic and hypoxic conditions. In addition, failure of the overexpression of the gfdA homolog, gfdB, to rescue the phenotype of a gfdA null mutant suggests that gfdA plays a predominant role in the synthesis of G3P and glycerol. However, in a wild-type background, overexpressing either gfdA or gfdB is able to significantly enhance biomass production of mycelia, suggesting that gfdA and gfdB have similar functions in promoting the use of glucose. Interestingly, overexpression of the gene encoding the predicted glycerol kinase, GlcA, which is capable of phosphorylating glycerol to form G3P, significantly rescues the growth defects of gfdA null mutants in glucose media, indicating that the growth defects of gfdA null mutants might be due to the absence of G3P rather than glycerol. Moreover, Western blotting analysis revealed that GfdA is inducibly expressed by osmotic mediators. However, in the absence of gfdA, osmotic stress can rescue colony growth defects and allow colonies to partially bypass the gfdA requirement in a high osmolarity glycerol pathway-dependent manner. Therefore, the findings of this study elucidate how saprophytic filamentous fungi have developed pathways distinct from those of budding yeasts to adapt to varied carbon sources and survive environmental stresses.



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Nutritional composition of gluten-free food versus regular food sold in the Italian market

Some concerns have been raised about the nutritional composition of gluten-free (GF) food.

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The prognostic value of discontinuous EEG patterns in postanoxic coma

Early outcome prediction of comatose patients after cardiac arrest remains a challenge. The EEG is a sensitive and reliable tool, especially within the first 24 hours after cardiac arrest (Hofmeijer and Van Putten, 2016). A timely restoration of continuous, normal amplitude background activity is essential for good neurological recovery. Consistently among various studies, a continuous EEG pattern within 12 hours after cardiac arrest predicts a good outcome, whereas a persistent isoelectric or low-voltage EEG at 24 hours predicts a poor outcome (Sivaraju et al., 2015; Sondag et al., 2017; Spalletti et al., 2016).

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Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Severely Brain-Injured Patients – A Comment

Lately, several publications have focused on circadian rhythms and sleep in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), namely patients who, following severe brain injury, are in an unresponsive wakefulness syndrome/a vegetative state (UWS/VS) or in a minimally conscious state (MCS) (Cologan et al., 2013; de Biase et al., 2014; Forgacs et al., 2014; Landsness et al., 2011; Pavlov et al., 2017; Rossi Sebastiano et al., 2018). Circadian rhythms, i.e., variations in biological processes with a period length of about 24 hours, have been discovered in virtually all biological organisms.

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Feasibility of an EEG-based brain-computer interface in the intensive care unit

Clinicians may fail to detect early signs of consciousness in patients with acute severe brain injuries. Several studies have reported a misdiagnosis rate of approximately 40% when using assessments tools such as the Glasgow Coma Scale to assess a patient's level of consciousness in the intensive care unit (ICU), as compared to comprehensive behavioral evaluations with the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R; (Andrews et al., 1996; Giacino et al., 2004; Schnakers et al., 2009b)). However, even the CRS-R has limitations, as it relies on motor and language abilities, which makes accurate diagnosis challenging in patients with motor impairment, aphasia (Majerus et al., 2009) or fluctuation of vigilance (Giacino et al., 2002; Piarulli et al., 2016).

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Approaches to Sleep in Severely Brain Damaged Patients: Opposite or Complementary? Reply to “Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Severely Brain-Injured Patients - A Comment”

We thank Schabus, Wislowska, Angerer and Blume (Schabus et al. 2018; in the following SWAB) for their stimulating comments to the article of Rossi Sebastiano et al. (2018), as well as to our own comments to that article (Kotchoubey and Pavlov 2018). SWAB made several important and constructive suggestions concerning the study of sleep in patients with Disorders of Consciousness (DoC) and other severely brain damaged patients. Unfortunately, it remains not quite clear from their text whether they conceive of their suggestions as complements to (and improvement of) the approach realized by other authors (e.g., Rossi Sebastiano et al., 2015, 2018; Pavlov et al., 2017), or as an alternative to it.

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Nutritional composition of gluten-free food versus regular food sold in the Italian market

Some concerns have been raised about the nutritional composition of gluten-free (GF) food.

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Radiological follow-up after implanting cervical disc prosthesis in anterior discectomy: a systematic review

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to review current literature on comparison of radiological outcome of cervical arthroplasty with fusion after anterior discectomy for radiculopathy.MethodsA literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, COCHRANE, CENTRAL and CINAHL using a sensitive search string combination. Studies were selected by predefined selection criteria (a.o. patients exclusively suffering from cervical radiculopathy) and risk of bias was assessed using a validated Cochrane Checklist adjusted for this purpose.

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Syntactic processing in music and language: Effects of interrupting auditory streams with alternating timbres

Publication date: Available online 8 May 2018
Source:International Journal of Psychophysiology
Author(s): Anna Fiveash, William F. Thompson, Nicholas A. Badcock, Genevieve McArthur
Both music and language rely on the processing of spectral (pitch, timbre) and temporal (rhythm) information to create structure and meaning from incoming auditory streams. Previous behavioural results have shown that interrupting a melodic stream with unexpected changes in timbre leads to reduced syntactic processing. Such findings suggest that syntactic processing is conditional on successful streaming of incoming sequential information. The current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate whether (1) the effect of alternating timbres on syntactic processing is reflected in a reduced brain response to syntactic violations, and (2) the phenomenon is similar for music and language. Participants listened to melodies and sentences with either one timbre (piano or one voice) or three timbres (piano, guitar, and vibraphone, or three different voices). Half the stimuli contained syntactic violations: an out-of-key note in the melodies, and a phrase-structure violation in the sentences. We found smaller ERPs to syntactic violations in music in the three-timbre compared to the one-timbre condition, reflected in a reduced early right anterior negativity (ERAN). A similar but non-significant pattern was observed for language stimuli in both the early left anterior negativity (ELAN) and the left anterior negativity (LAN) ERPs. The results suggest that timbre disruptions to auditory streaming reduce syntactic processing for music.



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High definition-transcranial direct current stimulation changes older adults' subjective sleep and corresponding resting-state functional connectivity

Publication date: Available online 8 May 2018
Source:International Journal of Psychophysiology
Author(s): Jing Sheng, Chao Xie, Dong-qiong Fan, Xu Lei, Jing Yu
With advanced age, older adults show functional deterioration in sleep. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a noninvasive brain stimulation, modulates individuals' behavioral performance in various cognitive domains. However, the modulation effect and neural mechanisms of tDCS on sleep, especially for the elderly population are not clear. Here, we aimed to investigate whether high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) could modulate community-dwelling older adults' subjective sleep and whether these potential improvements are associated with the large-scale brain activity alterations recorded by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Thirty-one older adults were randomly allocated to the HD-tDCS group and the control group. HD-tDCS was applied for 25 min at 1.5 mA per day for two weeks. The anode electrode was placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, surrounded by 4 cathodes at 7 cm radius. All participants completed sleep neuropsychological assessments and fMRI scans individually before and after intervention. Behaviorally, we observed a HD-tDCS-induced enhancement of older adults' sleep duration. On the aspect of the corresponding neural alterations, we observed that HD-tDCS decreased the functional connectivity between the default mode network (DMN) and subcortical network. More importantly, the decoupling connectivity of the DMN-subcortical network was correlated with the improvements of subjective sleep in the HD-tDCS group. Our findings add novel behavioral and neural evidences about tDCS-induced sleep improvement in community-dwelling older adults. With further development, tDCS may be used as an alternative treatment for sleep disorders and alleviate the dysfunction of brain networks induced by aging.



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Strategies to Improve Image Quality on Dual-Energy Computed Tomography

Publication date: Available online 4 May 2018
Source:Radiologic Clinics of North America
Author(s): Bhavik N. Patel, Daniele Marin

Teaser

Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) offers several advantages over conventional single-energy CT. These advantages include improved image quality, beam hardening correction, and metal artifact reduction. Additionally, DECT allows derivation of quantitative information through material decomposition analysis. Although newer third-generation rapid-kilovolt switching and dual-source DECT scanners have significantly improved in image quality and workflow compared with initial iterations and early scanners, sources of potential image quality degradation can exist secondary to the inherent capabilities in which the image acquisition occurs.


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Correction to: Advanced Robotic Therapy Integrated Centers (ARTIC): an international collaboration facilitating the application of rehabilitation technologies

The original article [1] contains a small mistake concerning the ARTIC Team members mentioned in the Acknowledgements. The team member, Rocco Salvatore Calabrò had their name presented incorrectly. This has no...

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Monitoring of Post-match Fatigue in Professional Soccer: Welcome to the Real World

Abstract

Participation in soccer match-play leads to acute and transient subjective, biochemical, metabolic and physical disturbances in players over subsequent hours and days. Inadequate time for rest and regeneration between matches can expose players to the risk of training and competing whilst not entirely recovered. In professional soccer, contemporary competitive schedules can require teams to compete in excess of 60 matches over the course of the season with periods of fixture congestion occurring, prompting much attention from researchers and practitioners to the monitoring of fatigue and readiness to play. A comprehensive body of research has investigated post-match acute and residual fatigue responses. Yet the relevance of the research for professional soccer contexts is debatable, notably in relation to the study populations and designs employed. Monitoring can indeed be invasive, expensive, time inefficient, and difficult to perform routinely and simultaneously in a large squad of regularly competing players. Uncertainty also exists regarding the meaningfulness and interpretation of changes in fatigue response values and their functional relevance, and practical applicability in the field. The real-world need and cost–benefit of monitoring must be carefully weighed up. In relation to professional soccer contexts, this opinion paper intends to (1) debate the need for post-match fatigue monitoring; (2) critique the real-world relevance of the current research literature; (3) discuss the practical burden relating to measurement tools and protocols, and the collection, interpretation and application of data in the field; and (4) propose future research perspectives.



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Real-world virological efficacy and safety of elbasvir and grazoprevir in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus genotype 1 infection in Japan

Abstract

Background

The real-world virological efficacy and safety of an interferon (IFN)-free direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with elbasvir (EBR) and grazoprevir (GZR) were evaluated in Japanese patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1.

Methods

The rate of sustained virologic response (SVR) and safety were analyzed in patients who started the EBR/GZR regimen between November 2016 and July 2017. SVR rates were compared based on patient baseline characteristics.

Results

Overall, 371 of 381 patients (97.4%) achieved SVR. Multivariate analysis identified a history of failure to IFN-free DAA therapy and the presence of double resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) in HCV non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) as factors significantly associated with failure to EBR/GZR treatment. The SVR rates of patients with a history of IFN-free DAA therapy and those with double RASs were 55.6 and 63.6%, respectively. In all other subpopulations, the SVR rates were more than 90%. There were no severe adverse events associated with the treatment.

Conclusions

The EBR/GZR regimen yielded high virological efficacy with acceptable safety. Patients with a history of failure to IFN-free DAA therapy or with double RASs in HCV-NS5A remained difficult to treat with this regimen.



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Functional non-homologous end joining pattern triggered by CRISPR/Cas9 in human cells

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Publication date: Available online 8 May 2018
Source:Journal of Genetics and Genomics
Author(s): Fayu Yang, Xianglian Ge, Xiubin He, Xiexie Liu, Chenchen Zhou, Huihui Sun, Junsong Zhang, Jia Qu, Junzhao Zhao, Zongming Song, Changbao Liu, Feng Gu




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Worldwide distribution of the DCDC2 READ1 regulatory element and its relationship with phoneme variation across languages [Psychological and Cognitive Sciences]

DCDC2 is a gene strongly associated with components of the phonological processing system in animal models and in multiple independent studies of populations and languages. We propose that it may also influence population-level variation in language component usage. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the evolution and worldwide distribution of...

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Polycomb protein SCML2 facilitates H3K27me3 to establish bivalent domains in the male germline [Genetics]

Repressive H3K27me3 and active H3K4me2/3 together form bivalent chromatin domains, molecular hallmarks of developmental potential. In the male germline, these domains are thought to persist into sperm to establish totipotency in the next generation. However, it remains unknown how H3K27me3 is established on specific targets in the male germline. Here,...

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Interdependent and separable functions of Caenorhabditis elegans MRN-C complex members couple formation and repair of meiotic DSBs [Genetics]

Faithful inheritance of genetic information through sexual reproduction relies on the formation of crossovers between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which, in turn, relies on the formation and repair of numerous double-strand breaks (DSBs). As DSBs pose a potential threat to the genome, mechanisms that ensure timely and error-free DSB repair...

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Nasotracheal Intubation: The Preferred Airway in Oral Cavity Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery?

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Nasotracheal Intubation: The Preferred Airway in Oral Cavity Microvascular Reconstructive Surgery?

J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2018 Apr 11;:

Authors: Gigliotti J, Cheung G, Suhaym O, Agnihotram RV, El-Hakim M, Makhoul N

Abstract
PURPOSE: We aimed to describe the safety and effectiveness of nasotracheal intubation (NTI) in a cohort of patients undergoing reconstruction of oral cavity defects with free tissue transfer (FTT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: We implemented a retrospective cohort study and enrolled a sample composed of consecutive patients undergoing FTT reconstruction of oral cavity, maxillary, or mandibular defects between 2013 and 2017. These patients were all subject to a newly developed enhanced recovery-after-surgery protocol. The primary outcome measurement was hospital length of stay (LOS). The secondary outcome variables were the duration of mechanical ventilation, intensive care unit (ICU) LOS, need for gastrostomy, and airway-related complications directly associated with either NTI or tracheostomy. Descriptive statistics and a multivariate logistic regression analysis were completed.
RESULTS: The sample was composed of 141 patients who had undergone oral cavity FTT for both benign and malignant diseases (NTI, n = 111; tracheostomy, n = 30). Patients managed with NTI had a statistically significantly shorter hospital LOS (8 days vs 15.5 days, P < .0001) and ICU LOS (1 day vs 2 days, P = .0006), as well as a decreased requirement for gastrostomy (17.1% vs 76.7%, P < .0001). Airway-related complications were rare in both the tracheostomy (13.3%) and NTI (3.6%) groups. Multivariate analysis showed that patients undergoing tracheostomy were 3.14 (P = .004) times more likely to have a prolonged hospitalization and 10.4 (P < .0001) times more likely to require a gastrostomy. A sensitivity analysis of only patients with malignant diagnoses had similar statistically significant results. The delayed tracheostomy rate in the NTI group was 3.6%.
CONCLUSIONS: To date, this is the largest study to evaluate the use of NTI in patients undergoing oral cavity reconstruction with FTT. Our results suggest that in the appropriate institutional setting, most patients can be safely managed with NTI. This approach results in a decreased hospital LOS and ICU LOS and an earlier resumption of oral intake with less need for gastrostomy.

PMID: 29730059 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]



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ImageTrend announces new partnership with state of Tennessee

LAKEVILLE, Minn. — ImageTrend, Inc. is proud to announce a new partnership with the state of Tennessee for their EMS data collection and trauma registry reporting. The state's Department of Health, Office of Emergency Medical Services selected ImageTrend through a competitive RFP process. The Volunteer State will be utilizing the company's industry-leading Elite ePCR and Patient Registry ...

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Mothers in Same-Sex Relationships Describe the Process of Forming a Family as a Stressful Journey in a Heteronormative World: A Swedish Grounded Theory Study

Abstract

Objectives The aim of this study was to gain insight into how women in same-sex relationships experience the process of forming a family through the use of assisted reproduction technique (ART), from planning the pregnancy to parenthood, and their experience of parental support from healthcare professionals. Methods The participants were 20 women in a same-sex relationship who had conceived through ART at a Swedish clinic. Semi-structured interviews including open questions about pregnancy, parenthood and support from healthcare professionals were conducted. The interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed according to grounded theory. Results The core category, A stressful journey through a heteronormative world, emerged from the analysis, as did three subcategories: A journey fraught with difficulties and decisions; The nuclear family as the norm; and A need for psychological support. Same-sex parents expressed a need for more information about how to access ART in Sweden. Both the healthcare organization and treatment were perceived as heteronormative. In particular, these women lacked psychological support during the demanding process of utilizing a sperm donor to conceive. Conclusions for Practice Professionals in antenatal care should undergo mandatory cultural competency training to ensure cultural sensitivity and the provision of updated information, tailored brochures and early parental support for families with same-sex parents. All parents need guidance and support from competent, caring personnel throughout the entire process of forming a family.



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Differential involvement of forearm muscles in ALS does not relate to sonographic structural nerve alterations

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Publication date: July 2018
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology, Volume 129, Issue 7
Author(s): Stefanie Schreiber, Frank Schreiber, Grazyna Debska-Vielhaber, Cornelia Garz, Nathalie Hensiek, Judith Machts, Susanne Abdulla, Reinhard Dengler, Susanne Petri, Peter J. Nestor, Stefan Vielhaber
ObjectiveWe aimed to assess whether differential peripheral nerve involvement parallels dissociated forearm muscle weakness in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).MethodsThe analysis comprised 41 ALS patients and 18 age-, sex-, height- and weight-matched healthy controls. Strength of finger-extension and -flexion was measured using the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale. Radial, median and ulnar nerve sonographic cross-sectional area (CSA) and echogenicity, expressed by the hypoechoic fraction (HF), were determined.ResultsIn ALS, finger extensors were significantly weaker than finger flexors. Sonographic evaluation revealed peripheral nerve atrophy, affecting various nerve segments in ALS. HF was unaltered.ConclusionsThis systematic study confirmed a long-observed physical examination finding in ALS – weakness in finger-extension out of proportion to finger-flexion. This phenomenon was not related to any particular sonographic pattern of upper limb peripheral nerve alteration.SignificanceIn ALS, dissociated forearm muscle weakness could aid in the disease's diagnosis. Nerve ultrasound did not provide additional information on the differential involvement of finger-extension and finger-flexion strength.



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A response to: “Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Severely Brain-Injured Patients – A Comment”

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Publication date: Available online 8 May 2018
Source:Clinical Neurophysiology
Author(s): Davide Rossi Sebastiano, Silvana Franceschetti




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De novo mutations in MED13, a component of the Mediator complex, are associated with a novel neurodevelopmental disorder

Abstract

Many genetic causes of developmental delay and/or intellectual disability (DD/ID) are extremely rare, and robust discovery of these requires both large-scale DNA sequencing and data sharing. Here we describe a GeneMatcher collaboration which led to a cohort of 13 affected individuals harboring protein-altering variants, 11 of which are de novo, in MED13; the only inherited variant was transmitted to an affected child from an affected mother. All patients had intellectual disability and/or developmental delays, including speech delays or disorders. Other features that were reported in two or more patients include autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, optic nerve abnormalities, Duane anomaly, hypotonia, mild congenital heart abnormalities, and dysmorphisms. Six affected individuals had mutations that are predicted to truncate the MED13 protein, six had missense mutations, and one had an in-frame-deletion of one amino acid. Out of the seven non-truncating mutations, six clustered in two specific locations of the MED13 protein: an N-terminal and C-terminal region. The four N-terminal clustering mutations affect two adjacent amino acids that are known to be involved in MED13 ubiquitination and degradation, p.Thr326 and p.Pro327. MED13 is a component of the CDK8-kinase module that can reversibly bind Mediator, a multi-protein complex that is required for Polymerase II transcription initiation. Mutations in several other genes encoding subunits of Mediator have been previously shown to associate with DD/ID, including MED13L, a paralog of MED13. Thus, our findings add MED13 to the group of CDK8-kinase module-associated disease genes.



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Executive summary of the Clinical Guidelines of Pharmacotherapy for Neuropathic Pain: second edition by the Japanese Society of Pain Clinicians

Abstract

Neuropathic pain has a substantial effect on quality of life (QOL). The Japanese Society of Pain Clinicians (JSPC) has developed clinical guidelines of pharmacotherapy for neuropathic pain. These guidelines offer clarity on recommendations based on both the most recent scientific evidence and expert opinions. Understanding the concept, disease entity, and burden of neuropathic pain, as well as its screening and diagnosis are important steps before starting pharmacotherapy. As well as other guidelines, the guidelines propose several lines of pharmacotherapies in a step-wise manner. To name a few different points, our guidelines propose an extract from inflamed cutaneous tissue of rabbits inoculated with vaccinia virus, which has been found to be effective for post-herpetic neuralgia in Japan, as one of the second-line drugs. When prescribing opioid analgesics, proposed as the third-line drugs, for neuropathic pain, the guidelines recommend physicians continue evaluations on either abuse or addiction. The guidelines do not recommend concomitant use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and acetaminophen because of lack of clinical evidence of their efficacy. If patients do not respond well to pharmacotherapy, which is prescribed in a step-wise manner, other treatment strategies should be considered to improve patients' activities of daily living and QOL.



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Red meat consumption and serum lipids and fatty acids in toddlers: secondary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial

Objectives: To examine the effects of promoting increased lean red meat consumption on serum concentrations of total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and serum fatty acid composition, among toddlers. Methods: In a 20-wk randomized controlled trial healthy 12–20-mo-old children were assigned to: Red Meat (n = 90; parents were encouraged to add 56 g/d of lean red meat to their toddler's usual diet), or Control (n = 90) groups. Food and nutrient intakes were assessed with 3-d weighed food records (baseline, wk 4, and wk 20). Serum was analyzed for total and HDL cholesterol concentrations, and fatty acid composition (baseline and wk 20). Results: At wk 20, relative to Control, the Red Meat group had higher intakes of red meat, all meat, and carbohydrate; and lower intakes of milk, energy, cholesterol, and total, saturated, and monounsaturated fat (P = 0.043 for energy, all others P≤0.002). No effects associated with the intervention were found for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, total to HDL cholesterol ratio, or serum fatty acid composition (all P≥0.059) aside from pentadecanoic acid (P = 0.047). Conclusions: A ∼3-fold increase in lean red meat intake, from ∼10 to ∼30 g/d, resulted in no consistent changes in serum lipids or fatty acid composition, suggesting that the addition of ∼2 tablespoons/d of lean red meat to toddlers' diets will likely not adversely affect serum lipids or serum fatty acids. Address correspondence and reprint requests to Ewa A. Szymlek-Gay, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne Burwood Campus, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia (e-mail: ewa.szymlekgay@deakin.edu.au). Received 14 November, 2017 Accepted 8 April, 2018 Funding sources: Supported by the Health Research Council of New Zealand; Meat and Livestock Australia; Meat and Wool New Zealand; and the University of Otago. The study funders had no role in: study design or conduct; the collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. Clinical trial registration: This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org. au as ACTRN12605000487617. Financial disclosure: The authors have no financial relationships to disclose that are relevant to this manuscript. Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose that are relevant to this manuscript. Contributors' statements: Dr. Szymlek-Gay designed the study, collected the data, carried out statistical analyses, and wrote the manuscript; Mr. Gray carried out statistical analyses and critically reviewed the manuscript; Drs. Heath and Ferguson conceptualized and designed the study, and critically reviewed the manuscript; Dr. Skeaff was responsible for the fatty acid analyses, carried out statistical analyses, and wrote the manuscript. All authors approved the final manuscript as submitted. Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text, and links to the digital files are provided in the HTML text of this article on the journal's Web site (www.jpgn.org). © 2018 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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Eosinophil Counts in the Small Intestine and Colon of Children Without Apparent Gastrointestinal Disease-a Meta-analysis: Statement of Concern

No abstract available

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Towards Better Diagnosis and Monitoring of Eosinophilic Esophagitis

No abstract available

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Evaluation of Helicobacter pylori infection and clarithromycin resistance in strains from symptomatic Colombian children

Objectives: To determine the current prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in symptomatic Colombian children and evaluate the presence of mutations associated with clarithromycin resistance. Patients and Methods: Biopsies from 133 children were analyzed. The gastric fragment was used for urease test and reused for PCR-sequencing of the 23SrDNA gene. Mutations were detected by bioinformatic analysis. Results: PCR-sequencing established that H. pylori infection was present in 47% of patients. Bioinformatics analysis of the 62 positive sequences for 23SrDNA revealed that 92% exhibited a genotype susceptible to clarithromycin, whereas remain strains (8%) showed mutations associated with clarithromycin resistance. Conclusions: The low rate of resistance to clarithromycin (8%) suggests that conventional treatment methods are an appropriate choice for children. Recycling a biopsy that is normally discarded reduces the risks associated with the procedure. The 23SrDNA gene amplification could be used for a dual purpose: detection of H. pylori and determination of susceptibility to clarithromycin. Address correspondence and reprint requests to María de Pilar Delgado, Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia, Cra 1 N(18A- 10 Office J211, Zip Code 111711 (e-mail: mdelgado@uniandes.edu.co). Received 28 July, 2017 Accepted 12 April, 2018 Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding. This work was supported by Universidad de Los Andes and Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Center for Studies and Health Research (CEIS), Bogotá (5th Joint Research Call, 2011). Code:CU1010100. No conflicts of interest to declare. Author roles Yuliet Liliana Rosero Lasso. Contributed to the study design, acquisition and data analysis, writing, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Betsy Verónica Arévalo-Jaimes. Contributed in data analysis, writing, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. María de Pilar Delgado Contributed to the study design, data analysis, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. José Fernando Vera-Chamorro. Contributed to the study design and data acquisition, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, he has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Daniella García. Contributed to the study design, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Andrea Ramírez. Contributed to the study design, collection and data analysis, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Paula A Rodríguez-Urrego. Contributed in the analysis of samples, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Johanna Álvarez. Contributed in the analysis of samples, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, she has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. Carlos Alberto Jaramillo. He participated in the study design, revision and final approval of the manuscript. Additionally, he has agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work and ensures the integrity of the study. © 2018 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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Germline Hemizygous Deletion of Gene HNF1B Associated with a Case of Severe Neonatal Cholestasis and Hepatocarcinoma

No abstract available

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The Esophageal-atresia-Quality-of-life questionnaires: feasibility, validity and reliability in Sweden and Germany

Objectives: Esophageal atresia (EA) is a rare malformation characterized of discontinuity of the esophagus, concurrent with or without a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF). We report the validity and reliability of a condition-specific quality of life (QOL) tool for EA/TEF children, the age-adapted EA-QOL©-questionnaires, when used in Sweden and Germany. Methods: 124 families of children with EA/TEF participated in the study; 53 parents completed the EA-QOL©-questionnaire for children aged 2–7 years; 62 children/71 parents the EA-QOL©-questionnaire for children 8–17 years. Feasibility was determined from the percentage of missing item responses. Based on clinical data and previously validated generic QOL-instruments (PedsQLTM 4.0, DISABKIDS-12), the final EA-QOL©-scores were evaluated against hypotheses of validity (known-groups/ concurrent/convergent) and reliability (internal consistency/retest reliability of scores over 3 weeks). Significant level was p

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An international, multicenter, comparative trial of EUS-guided gastrogastrostomy-assisted ERCP vs enteroscopy-assisted ERCP in patients with Roux-en-Y gastric bypass anatomy

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy

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The prevention of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics

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Prevalence of malnutrition and impact on clinical outcomes in cancer services: A comparison of two time points

Clinical Nutrition

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Nonselective beta-blockers do not affect survival in cirrhotic patients with ascites

Digestive Diseases and Sciences

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KIF16B is a candidate gene for a novel autosomal‐recessive intellectual disability syndrome

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, EarlyView.


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Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in a male with Simpson–Golabi–Behmel syndrome

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, EarlyView.


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