Ionizing Radiation Exposure and Basal Cell Carcinoma Pathogenesis

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 217-228, March 2016.


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Kurt G. Hofer 1939–2015

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 338-339, March 2016.


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Impaired Spatial Memory Performance in Adult Wistar Rats Exposed to Low (5–20 cGy) Doses of 1 GeV/n 56Fe Particles

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 332-337, March 2016.


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ERRATA

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page e53-e53, March 2016.


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Modeling Impaired Hippocampal Neurogenesis after Radiation Exposure

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 319-331, March 2016.


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Radiosensitization by PARP Inhibition in DNA Repair Proficient and Deficient Tumor Cells: Proliferative Recovery in Senescent Cells

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 229-245, March 2016.


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Differential Response and Priming Dose Effect on the Proteome of Human Fibroblast and Stem Cells Induced by Exposure to Low Doses of Ionizing Radiation

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 299-312, March 2016.


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Clinically Relevant Doses of Enalapril Mitigate Multiple Organ Radiation Injury

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 313-318, March 2016.


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Immune System Modifications Induced in a Mouse Model of Chronic Exposure to 90Sr

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 267-284, March 2016.


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Effects of High-LET Radiation Exposure and Hindlimb Unloading on Skeletal Muscle Resistance Artery Vasomotor Properties and Cancellous Bone Microarchitecture in Mice

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 257-266, March 2016.


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Advantages of Binomial Likelihood Maximization for Analyzing and Modeling Cell Survival Curves

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 246-256, March 2016.


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Radioprotective Efficacy of Gamma-Tocotrienol in Nonhuman Primates

Radiation Research, Volume 185, Issue 3, Page 285-298, March 2016.


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What it's like to volunteer at a Va. EMS agency

The Harrisonburg Rescue Squad is a 100% volunteer EMS agency that answers 911 calls in Harrisonburg and parts of Rockingham County, Virginia. The volunteer squad responds to more than 8,500 calls a year.

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What it's like to volunteer at a Va. EMS agency

The Harrisonburg Rescue Squad is a 100% volunteer EMS agency that answers 911 calls in Harrisonburg and parts of Rockingham County, Virginia. The volunteer squad responds to more than 8,500 calls a year.

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What it's like to volunteer at a Va. EMS agency

The Harrisonburg Rescue Squad is a 100% volunteer EMS agency that answers 911 calls in Harrisonburg and parts of Rockingham County, Virginia. The volunteer squad responds to more than 8,500 calls a year.

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What it's like to volunteer at a Va. EMS agency

The Harrisonburg Rescue Squad is a 100% volunteer EMS agency that answers 911 calls in Harrisonburg and parts of Rockingham County, Virginia. The volunteer squad responds to more than 8,500 calls a year.

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Guava leaves polyphenolics-rich extract inhibits vital enzymes implicated in gout and hypertension in vitro

2016-03-24T13-22-11Z
Source: Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Emmanuel Anyachukwu Irondi, Samson Olalekan Agboola, Ganiyu Oboh, Aline Augusti Boligon, Margareth Linde Athayde, Francis O. Shode.
Background/Aim: Elevated uric acid level, an index of gout resulting from the over-activity of xanthine oxidase (XO), increases the risk of developing hypertension. However, research has shown that plant-derived inhibitors of XO and angiotensin 1-converting enzyme (ACE), two enzymes implicated in gout and hypertension, respectively, can prevent or ameliorate both diseases, without noticeable side effects. Hence, this study characterized the polyphenolics composition of guava leaves extract and evaluated its inhibitory effect on XO and ACE in vitro. Materials and Methods: The polyphenolics (flavonoids and phenolic acids) were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with diode array detection (DAD). The XO, ACE, and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities, and free radicals (2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl [DPPH]* and 2,2´-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic [ABTS]*+) scavenging activities of the extract were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Results: Flavonoids were present in the extract in the order of quercetin > kaempferol > catechin > quercitrin > rutin > luteolin > epicatechin; while phenolic acids were in the order of caffeic acid > chlorogenic acid > gallic acids. The extract effectively inhibited XO, ACE and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner; having half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC 50) of 38.24 ± 2.32 μg/mL, 21.06 ± 2.04 μg/mL and 27.52 ± 1.72 μg/mL against XO, ACE and Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation, respectively. The extract also strongly scavenged DPPH* and ABTS*+. Conclusion: Guava leaves extract could serve as functional food for managing gout and hypertension and attenuating the oxidative stress associated with both diseases.


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Antibacterial efficiency of the Sudanese Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), a famous beverage from Sudanese folk medicine

2016-03-24T13-22-11Z
Source: Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Emad Mohamed Abdallah.
Abstract Background: Hibiscus sabdariffa L., is a plant native to tropical Africa and intensively cultivated in Sudan. Its calyces are widely consumed with many uses in Sudanese folk medicine. Materials and Methods: The dried calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa were subjected to soak in 80% v/v methanol to get the methanolic extract, which was tested against five gram-negative and three gram positive referenced bacterial strains using disc diffusion method. Selected bioactive phytochemical compounds were also investigated using qualitative methods. Results: The results of the antibacterial test indicate that the methanol extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces contained effective antibacterial agent(s), revealed considerable zone of inhibition against all tested gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and it was competitor to Gentamicin, and greatly higher than Penicillin which showed weak or no effect. Conclusion: The results of current investigation support the folk medicine application of this plant against different microbial ailments and suggest it as promising source for new antibacterial agents.


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Imbalance of the antioxidative system by plumbagin and Plumbago indica L. extract induces hepatotoxicity in mice

2016-03-24T13-22-11Z
Source: Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Nadta Sukkasem, Waranya Chatuphonprasert, Nitima Tatiya-aphiradee, Kanokwan Jarukamjorn.
Background/Aim: Plumbago indica L. and its active constituent, plumbagin, has been traditionally claimed for several pharmacological activities, however, there is little information regarding their toxicity. The present study aims to examine the effects of plumbagin and P. indica extract (PI) on hepatic histomorphology and antioxidative system in mice. Materials and Methods: Adult male ICR mice were intragastrically administered plumbagin (1, 5, and 15 mg/kg/day) or PI (20, 200, and 1,000 mg/kg/day) consecutively for 14 days. Hepatic histomorphology was examined. Plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels, and hepatic lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) were determined. Results: Plumbagin and PI concentration-dependently induced hepatic injury based on histopathological changes via imbalance of antioxidative system. Plumbagin and PI significantly increased plasma ALT and AST levels, hepatic lipid peroxidation, and GPx activity but significantly decreased hepatic SOD and CAT activities. The GSH/GSSG ratio was significantly reduced by plumbagin. Conclusion: Plumbagin and PI caused hepatotoxic effects in the mice by unbalancing of the redox defense system. Therefore, plumbagin and PI containing supplements should be used cautiously, especially when consumed in high quantities or for long periods.


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Investigation of uranium geochemistry along groundwater flow path in the Continental Intercalaire aquifer (Southern Tunisia)

Publication date: June 2016
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 157
Author(s): Z. Dhaoui, N. Chkir, K. Zouari, F. Hadj Ammar, A. Agoune
Environmental tracers (²H, ¹⁸O, isotopes of Uranium) and geochemical processes occurring within groundwaters from the Continental Intercalaire (CI) in Southern Tunisia were used to understand the hydrodynamics and the recharge conditions of this aquifer. This study investigates the chemical and isotopic compositions of the CI groundwater. The water types are dominated by Na⁺, SO4²⁻, Cl⁻ throughout most of the basin with a general increase in total dissolved solids from the Saharan Platform margins towards the Chotts region. Large scale groundwater flow paths are toward the Chotts region. The stable isotopes composition of the analyzed groundwater ranges from −8.8 to −6‰ vs V-SMOW for δ¹⁸O and from −67 to −40‰ vs V-SMOW for δ²H. The relatively enriched stable isotopes contents suggest the contribution of the Dahar sandstones outcrops in the current recharge of the CI aquifer in an arid context. However, the most depleted values in heavy isotopes indicate a paleorecharge of the aquifer under wetter conditions revealing a long residence time of groundwaters. The results from water samples using alpha spectrometry method indicate a range in ²³⁸U concentrations and ²³⁴U/²³⁸U activity ratios (AR) of 0.044–1.285 μg kg⁻¹ and 1.2 to 8.84 respectively. The geochemistry of uranium isotopes in groundwater is controlled by many factors, essentially, the influence of water rock interactions, the preferential dissolution of ²³⁴U relative to ²³⁸U due to alpha recoil and the mixing processes between different waters with distinct AR as well as ²³⁸U concentrations.



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Investigation on hypoglycemic effects of ethanol extract of Alpinia nigra (Gaertn.) in animal model.

2016-03-24T13-22-11Z
Source: Journal of Intercultural Ethnopharmacology
Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir, Mir Muhammad Nasir Uddin, S. M. Zahid Hosen.
Background: Our study aims at exploring the hypoglycemic effect, efficacy and possible mode of action of ethanol extract of Alpinia nigra (EEAN) as an antidiabetic agent in animal model. Methods: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was used to identify primary hypoglycemic effect in mice. Three tests (glucose absorption, sucrose absorption and disaccharidase activity) were carried out by gut-perfusion and six segments studies to assess carbohydrate absorption and glucose utilization. Results: In OGTT, at 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg dose of EEAN extract significantly improved oral glucose tolerance among normal mice at 60 min and 90 min with compared to control. both doses of extract significantly (P


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Thirty years after the Chernobyl accident: What lessons have we learnt?

Publication date: June 2016
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volume 157
Author(s): N.A. Beresford, S. Fesenko, A. Konoplev, L. Skuterud, J.T. Smith, G. Voigt
April 2016 sees the 30^th anniversary of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. As a consequence of the accident populations were relocated in Belarus, Russia and Ukraine and remedial measures were put in place to reduce the entry of contaminants (primarily ^134+137Cs) into the human food chain in a number of countries throughout Europe. Remedial measures are still today in place in a number of countries, and areas of the former Soviet Union remain abandoned.The Chernobyl accident led to a large resurgence in radioecological studies both to aid remediation and to be able to make future predictions on the post-accident situation, but, also in recognition that more knowledge was required to cope with future accidents. In this paper we discuss, what in the authors' opinions, were the advances made in radioecology as a consequence of the Chernobyl accident.The areas we identified as being significantly advanced following Chernobyl were: the importance of semi-natural ecosystems in human dose formation; the characterisation and environmental behaviour of 'hot particles'; the development and application of countermeasures; the "fixation" and long term bioavailability of radiocaesium and; the effects of radiation on plants and animals.



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Editorial board

Publication date: May 2016
Source:Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volumes 155–156





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Central Liver Nodules in Alagille Syndrome and Biliary Atresia After Kasai Portoenterostomy.

No abstract available

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The Changing Spectrum of Neonatal Hepatitis.

Neonatal hepatitis (NH) is a default diagnosis reached after excluding other more specific causes of prolonged neonatal cholestasis (PNC). The purpose of this brief review is to highlight the expanding spectrum of diagnoses causing PNC of infancy and to address emerging clinical dilemmas about the role of conventional clinical tests such as liver biopsy or dynamic hepatobiliary scintigraphy in the new era. Novel entities and overlapping metabolic conditions are listed, with a hope to increase awareness of practising paediatricians and direct more specific investigations. (C) 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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Mutation in Actin [gamma]-2 Responsible for Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome in Four Chinese Patients.

The aim of this study was to identify the underlying molecular mechanism for the development of megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome (MMIHS) in four Chinese patients. We found a c.770G>A (p.R257H) mutation in three patients, and a c.769C>T (p.R257C) mutation in the fourth patient by using whole-exome sequencing and targeted Sanger sequencing. The immunohistochemical investigation and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed an apparent defect of the intestinal smooth muscle, as well as hypoganglionosis. Our report suggested that R257 variant in the ACTG2 appear to be more frequent in populations of Asian ancestry; mutation of this locus could cause alterations of the intestinal and bladder smooth muscle filaments. (C) 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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Use of Indirect Calorimetry to Detect Overfeeding in Critically Ill Children; Finding the Appropriate Definition.

Objectives: Overfeeding during critical illness is associated with adverse effects such as metabolic disturbances and increased risk of infection. Due to lack of sound studies with clinical endpoints, overfeeding is arbitrarily defined as the ratio caloric intake/measured resting energy expenditure (mREE) or alternatively as a comparison of measured respiratory quotient (RQ) to the predicted RQ based on the macronutrient intake (RQmacr). We aimed to compare definitions of overfeeding in critically ill mechanically ventilated children based on mREE, RQ and caloric intake to find an appropriate definition. Methods: Indirect calorimetry (IC) measurements were performed in 78 mechanically ventilated children, median age 6.3 months. Enteral and/or parenteral nutrition was provided according to the local guidelines. Definitions used to indicate overfeeding were the ratio caloric intake/mREE>110% and >120% and by the measured RQ>RQmacr +0.05. Results: The proportion of patients identified as overfed varied widely depending on the definition used, ranging from 22% (RQ>RQmacr+0.05), to 40% and 50% (caloric intake/mREE>120% and >110% respectively). Linear regression analysis showed that all patients would be identified as overfed with the definition RQ> RQmacr+0.05 when the ratio caloric intake/mREE exceeded 165%. Caloric intake was higher in children with an SD-score WFA

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Perinatal Microbiomes Influence on Preterm Birth and Preterms' Health: Influencing Factors and Modulation Strategies.

Microbial communities inhabiting the human host play important roles in maintaining health status, including reproduction and early life programming which is particularly important in the context of preterm neonates' health. Preterm birth (PTB) is often the result of a microbial dysbiosis or infection. In addition, preterm neonates suffer from different levels of organ immaturity and an abnormal gut microbiota establishment, as compared to full term neonates. This exacerbates their developmental problems and can have negative consequences at systemic level. In addition, preterm babies are commonly exposed to delayed enteral feeding and hospital environments, which increases the risk of short- and long-term health problems. Some of these clinical conditions, such as necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or sepsis, may be life-threatening while others may translate into life-long conditions, including cognitive problems. Increasing scientific interest has focused on understanding developmental problems in preterm neonates related to abnormalities in the settlement of their microbial communities, with the final goal of selecting appropriate microbiome-targeted strategies (e.g. probiotics), to reduce preterm health risks and improve overall quality of life. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on microbiological factors influencing PTB initiation and gastrointestinal development, and on the health consequences to the preterm neonate. Scientific evidences on dietary strategies reducing PTB incidence and minimizing sequelae in this particularly sensitive human group subpopulation are also discussed. (C) 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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Surgery for type III-IV hiatal hernia: anatomical recurrence and global results after elective treatment of short oesophagus with open and minimally invasive surgery

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

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SIRFLOX: randomized phase iii trial comparing first-line mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) versus mFOLFOX6 (plus or minus bevacizumab) plus selective internal radiation therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer

Journal of Clinical Oncology

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The Atlanta classification, revised Atlanta classification, and determinant-based classification of acute pancreatitis: Which is best at stratifying outcomes?

Pancreas

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Vitamin D deficiency is associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: possible role for MAPK and NF-κB?

The American Journal of Gastroenterology

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Albumin–bilirubin versus Child–Pugh score as a predictor of outcome after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma

British Journal of Surgery

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Off-treatment durability of antiviral response to nucleoside analogues in patients with chronic hepatitis B

BMC Gastroenterology

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Immunogenic properties of trivalent recombinant protein composed of B-subunits of LT, STX-2, and CT toxins

Microbes and Infection

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Low alcohol consumption increases the risk of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Journal of Gastroenterology

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Effective treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding with thalidomide - Chances and limitations

World Journal of Gastroenterology

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Effect of propranolol on survival in patients with decompensated cirrhosis: A nationwide study based Danish patient registers

Liver International

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Inside EMS Podcast: Does EMS rely too heavily on diagnostic tools?

Our co-hosts discuss devices such as video laryngoscopy, capnography and ultrasound in the field

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Quick Clip: Should prehospital ultrasound exist in EMS?

Our co-hosts talk about the pros and cons of using ultrasound to assess, treat and monitor patients

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Inside EMS Podcast: Does EMS rely too heavily on diagnostic tools?

Download this podcast on iTunes, SoundCloud or via RSS feed

​In this Inside EMS Podcast episode, co-hosts Chris Cebollero and Kelly Grayson discuss the many new diagnostic tools EMS providers are using aimed at prehospital care.

Kelly admits it took a while for him to come around to using devices such as video laryngoscopy, capnography and ultrasound in the field. He now believes, however, that the devices can aid providers in learning more about their patients and what's going on inside.

We want to know: where do you stand on using diagnostic tools"

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Firefighter EMT or Paramedic - Temple Terrace Fire Department

TEMPLE TERRACE FIRE DEPARTMENT 124 Bullard Parkway TEMPLE TERRACE, FLORIDA 33617 Updated: March 24, 2016 Classification: Firefighter/EMT-Paramedic - Position No: 4.127 The Temple Terrace Fire Department is currently recruiting for Firefighter/EMT or Paramedic. Closing date is 04/15/16. Salary Information: *$47,657-$69,819 *Salary includes $6800 Paramedic incentive. Other salary incentives & holiday ...

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