Association of Chronotype, Road Traffic Accidents, and Polymorphisms in Genes Linked with the Biological Clock and the Dopaminergic System

Objective. To study the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of the RORA (rs1159814), CLOCK (rs12649507), PER3 (rs2640909), NPSR1 (rs324981), NPAS2 (rs4851377), DRD3 (rs6280), SLC6A3 (rs6347), and DBH (rs1611125) genes, chronotype parameters, and road traffic accident (RTA) driver statistics. Materials and methods. The study included 303 drivers of Moscow inter-city buses working rolling shifts. The study addressed associations between genotyping results for SNP and the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ) and the Shortened Sleep-Wake Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SWPAQ), and official RTA statistics. Results and conclusions. The cohort was dominated by the mixed chronotype, with a tendency to go to bed late and able to get up early; there was a marked shift between sleep patterns between working days and rest days. The SNP of the PER3 gene showed an association with parameters of morning activity. The SNP of the CLOCK gene was associated with a change in the pattern and the risk of causing RTA, while the minor alleles of the NPSR1 and SLC6A3 genes were associated with a later chronotype and an increase in RTA risk. It is suggested that these polymorphism may be among the genetic factors linking the chronotype to the ability to work.

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