Trends in the clinical and hematological profile of patients with dengue fever

2016-10-20T01-26-57Z
Source: International Journal of Advances in Medicine
Tejas N. Modi, A. Santosh Sriram, Amit D. Mehta, Pankaj S. Patil.
Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 50-100 million dengue infections occur every year with 22000 deaths. The increasing magnitude of the problem together with its changing epidemiology is an important public health concern. The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical profile, hematological profile, biochemical profile and outcome of dengue fever and to determine the relationship between clinical profile and hematological profile. Methods: This is a retrospective, observational, hospital-based study. 369 patients, aged more than 12 years, admitted between 1st January to 31st December 2015 with dengue fever were studied for clinical profile including documented bleeding manifestations/bleeding tendencies, hematological profile, biochemical profile and outcome. Results: Dengue cases occurred at higher frequency in 12-30 year age (81.30%), in males (M: F ratio- 2.35:1) and in rainy season (87.26% from September to November). Common presentations on clinical, radiological, haematological and biochemical profile were: fever (100%), headache (73.98%), bodyache (71.81%); hepatomegaly (66.93%), pericholecystic oedema (48.23%), distended GB (38.21%); thrombocytopenia (92.68%), leucopenia (58.26%) and raised liver enzymes (79.94%) respectively. Bleeding manifestations were observed in 48.61% cases of which petechiae (74.68%) was the commonest followed by epistaxis (7.59%), gum bleeding (2.16%), melena (2.16%) mainly. Mean duration of fever prior to hospitalization was 5.06±1.70 days. Mean nadir of platelet count was on 6.83±1.47 day from onset of illness (1st symptom-fever) and 1.77±0.89 day of hospitalization.100% patients had good recovery. Conclusions: Maximum prevalence of dengue was in young, in males and in rainy season. Thrombcytopenia, leucopenia, hepatomegaly, raised liver enzymes-aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), pericholecystic oedema are prima facie of dengue. Prompt diagnosis and immediate specific treatment with maintenance of platelet count and haemostatic function gives good recovery.


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