Heavy Coffee Consumption and Risk of Pancreatitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background/Objectives

Heavy consumption of coffee may have a protective effect against pancreatitis although results from previous studies were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted with the aim to summarize all available data.

Methods

This meta-analysis included observational studies that compared the risk of pancreatitis between heavy coffee-drinkers and individuals who were not heavy coffee-drinkers. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method.

Results

Out of 219 retrieved articles, four studies with 351,137 participants met the eligibility criteria and were included in the analysis. The risk of pancreatitis among heavy coffee-drinkers was significantly lower than individuals who were not heavy coffee-drinkers with the pooled RR of 0.78 (95% CI 0.67–0.91). The statistical heterogeneity between the studies was insignificant (I² = 0%).

Conclusions

This meta-analysis demonstrated a significantly decreased risk of pancreatitis among heavy coffee-drinkers. However, further investigations are still required to determine causality and potential clinical application.

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