How Do the Mechanical Demands of Cycling Affect the Information Content of the EMG?

Purpose The persistence of phase-related information in EMG signals can be quantified by its entropic half-life, EnHL. It has been proposed that the EnHL would increase with the demands of a movement task, and thus increase as the pedalling power increased during cycling. However, simulation work on the properties of EMG signals suggests that the EnHL depends on burst duration and duty cycle in the EMG that may not be related to task demands. This study aimed to distinguish between these alternate hypotheses. Methods The EnHL was characterized for 10 muscles from nine cyclists cycling at a range of powers (35 to 260 W) and cadences (60 to 140 r.p.m.) for the raw EMG, phase-randomized surrogate EMG, EMG intensity and the principal components describing the muscle coordination patterns. Results There was phase-related information in the raw EMG signals and EMG intensities that was related to the EMG burst duration, duty cycle pedalling cadence and power. The EnHLs for the EMG intensities of the individual muscles (excluding quadriceps) and for the coordination patterns decreased as cycling power and cadence increased. Conclusions The EnHLs provide information on the structure of the motor control signals and their constituent motor unit action potentials, both within and between muscles, rather than on the mechanical demands of the cycling task per se. Corresponding Author: James M. Wakeling, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. phone 1-778-7828444. fax 1-778 7823040. wakeling@sfu.ca Conflicts of Interest and Source of Funding: There are no professional relationships with companies or manufacturers to disclose for all authors. This research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. The results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by the American College of Sports Medicine. The authors declare that the results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. Submitted for publication November 2017. Accepted for publication June 2018. © 2018 American College of Sports Medicine

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