Purpose High vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) loading rates are thought to contribute to lower extremity injuries in runners. Given that elevated lower extremity stiffness has been reported to be associated with increased GRFs, the purpose of the current study was to determine if overall lower extremity stiffness, or individual joint angular excursions and/or torsional stiffness are predictive of the average vGRF loading rate during running. Methods Forty heel-strike runners (20 males and 20 females) ran overground at a speed of 3.4 m·s-1. Average vGRF loading rate, lower extremity stiffness, as well as hip, knee and ankle joint excursions and torsional stiffness from initial contact to the first peak of the vGRF were quantified. Step-wise multiple linear regression was performed to determine the best predictor(s) of average vGRF loading rate. Results Lower extremity stiffness was found to the best predictor of average vGRF loading rate (R2=0.68, p
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