Objective: Conventional, breath-holding magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assesses body composition by measuring fat volumes and proton density fat fraction (PDFF). However, breath-holding MRI is not always feasible in children. This study's objective was to use free-breathing MRI to quantify visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes and PDFFs and correlate these measurements with hepatic PDFF. Methods: This was an observational, hypothesis-forming study that enrolled two groups of children (ages 6–17 years), healthy children and overweight children with presumed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Free-breathing MRI was used to measure visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes and PDFFs, and hepatic PDFF. Imaging biomarkers were compared between groups, and correlations coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (R2) were calculated. Results: When compared to the control group (n = 10), the overweight group (n = 9) had greater mean visceral (1843 vs. 329 cm3, p
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