Uptake, depuration, dose estimation and effects in zebrafish exposed to Am-241 via dietary route

Publication date: October 2018

Source: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Volumes 193–194

Author(s): O. Simon, I. Barjhoux, V. Camilleri, B. Gagnaire, I. Cavalié, D. Orjollet, F. Darriau, S. Pereira, K. Beaugelin-Seillers, C. Adam-Guillermin

Abstract

Zebrafish were chronically exposed to Am-241, an alpha-emitting radionuclide via daily consumption of an enriched artificial diet. Am-241 uptake was quantified in Danio rerio after 5 and 21 days of exposure via daily Am-spiked food ingestion and after 21 days of exposure followed by 5 days of depuration. Americium accumulates mostly in digestive tract, muscle, rest of the body but the accumulation levels and trophic transfer rate (0.033–0.013%) were low. Corresponding cumulative doses were calculated for the whole body (9 mGy) and for the digestive tract (42 mGy) with internal alpha radiation contributing to more than 99% of the total dose. Genotoxic effects (gamma-H2AX assay) and differential gene expressions of main biological functions were examined. Although fish were exposed to a low dose rate of 13 μGy h⁻¹, DNA integrity and gene expression linked to oxidative stress, hormonal signaling and spermatogenesis were altered after 21 days of Am-241 exposure. These results underline the higher toxicity of alpha emitter Am-241, as compared to other studies on gamma radiation exposure.

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