Association between Physical Activity and Adiposity in Adolescents with Down Syndrome

Purpose Obesity is highly prevalent among adolescents with Down syndrome (DS); however, reported associations between body composition and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) have been small and non-significant. The purpose of this study to compare group differences between adolescents with and without DS, including dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measured body composition and accelerometer-measured physical activity, and then examine associations within adolescents with DS. Methods Thirty-nine adolescents (22 with DS and 17 typically developing controls), aged 12-18 years participated in the study. Groups had similar distributions of age, sex, and Tanner pubertal stage. Body composition was assessed by DXA, BMI, and BMI percentile. MVPA was measured with Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Results Adolescents with DS had significantly higher BMI, BMI percentile, and DXA-derived percent body fat (BF%), as well as lower MVPA compared to controls (p .05). Conclusions Our findings suggest that MVPA is associated with adiposity when measured with DXA among adolescents with DS. Corresponding Author: E. Andrew Pitchford, Iowa State University, 534 Wallace Rd. Ames, IA 50011-1160, Office: 515-294-3136, Fax: 515-294-8740, Email: eapitch@iastate.edu This study was supported by funding from the National Institutes of Health (F31HD079227) and SHAPE America. Preparation of the manuscript was supported, in part, by the U.S. Department of Education (H325D110003). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The results of the present study do not constitute an endorsement by ACSM. The authors declare that results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. Accepted for Publication: 20 November 2017 © 2017 American College of Sports Medicine

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