Phase-locked and non-phase-locked EEG responses to pinprick stimulation before and after experimentally-induced secondary hyperalgesia

Intense or sustained nociceptor activation, induced for example by capsaicin or high frequency electrical stimulation (HFS), triggers an activity-dependent long-lasting, but reversible, long-term potentiation (LTP) in spinal nociceptive pathways (Sandkühler, 2007). In humans, topical capsaicin or HFS of the skin induces hyperalgesia in the treated area ("primary" hyperalgesia, LaMotte et al., 1991; Klein et al., 2004; Henrich et al., 2015). This primary hyperalgesia is thought to result from both a peripheral sensitization of nociceptors and LTP in spinal nociceptive pathways (Sandkühler and Gruber-Schoffnegger, 2012).

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