Τρίτη 3 Ιανουαρίου 2017

Effects of hypercapnia on the lung

Abstract

Gases are sensed by lung cells and can activate specific intracellular signaling pathways, and thus have physiologic and pathophysiologic effects. Carbon dioxide (CO2), a primary product of oxidative metabolism, can be sensed by eukaryotic cells eliciting specific responses via recently identified signaling pathways. However, the physiological and pathophysiological effects of high CO2 (hypercapnia) on the lungs and specific lung cells, which are the primary site of CO2 elimination, are incompletely understood. In this review, we provide a physiological and mechanistic perspective on the effects of hypercapnia on the lungs and discuss the recent understanding of CO2 modulation of the alveolar epithelial function (lung edema clearance), epithelial cell repair, innate immunity and airway function.

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