Perforations and Angulations of 324 cervical medial cortical pedicle screws : a possible guide to avoid lateral perforations with use of pedicle screws in lower cervical spine

Context : More than half of the perforations reported with usage of cervical pedicle screws (CPS), are lateral perforations, endangering the vertebral artery. The medial cortical pedicle screw technique (MCPS) with partial drilling of the medial cortex, shifts the trajectory of pedicle screws medially, decreasing the lateral perforations.

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