DEFICIENCY OF VITAMIN D AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM

2016-05-04T19-37-24Z
Source: Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Pallavi Mahajan, Amarjeet S Bhatia.
The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is 70%100% in the general population. It exists in epidemic proportions all over the Indian subcontinent. Calcidiol is considered as the real indicator of the total vitamin D stores and is being currently used for clinical evaluation of the vitamin D. Vitamin D is recognized to be an essential element for bone metabolism and skeletal health. Its deficiency can cause rickets in children and osteoporosis in adults. It has been identified as a risk factor for cancers, multiple sclerosis, atherosclerosis, infectious diseases and other autoimmune diseases. Vitamin D also play a role in the pathogenesis of several endocrine diseases, like autoimmune thyroid diseases, primary hyperparathyroidism, adrenal diseases, type 1 diabetes (T1DM), type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The present study was conducted with the aim to estimate and compare the levels of vitamin D in normal healthy adults and patients with hypothyroidism diagnosed on the basis of raised thyroid stimulating hormone levels. The mean ± standard deviation value of vitamin D was 20.53±14.42 ng/ml in patients with hypothyroidism whereas in normal healthy adults, the mean ± standard deviation value of vitamin D was 26.88±16.11 ng/ml. The decreased level of vitamin D was found in patients with hypothyroidism. Hence, further research should be done to find the relationship of vitamin D with thyroid antibodies.


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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PEDALIUM MUREX (FLOWERS)

2016-05-04T19-37-24Z
Source: Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
D. Prabhakaran,*, A. Rajeshkanna, M. M. Senthamilselvi.
A large number of medicinal plants are claimed to be useful in treating skin diseases in all traditional system of medicine. The purpose of the present study was to examine the antimicrobial effect of the sample isolated from the ethylacetate fraction of flowers of Pedalium murex. This compound was shown to possess antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi, viz. Six bacterial strains were Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus substilis, Lacto bacillus and two fungal strains Curvularia lunata and Candida albicans by using disc diffusion method. The anti bacterial activity of the compound isolated from ethyl acetate fraction is almost comparable with the standard solvent control Chloramphenicol. The anti fungal activity is almost comparable with the standard solvent control Fluconazole. From this study, it can be concluded that Pedalium murex (flowers) reveal antimicrobial activity against various human pathogenic bacteria.


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ANALYTICAL METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF PAIN RELIEF HERBAL FORMULATIONS

2016-05-04T19-37-24Z
Source: Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
Rucha J. Shah, Ajay I. Patel, Kartik V. Vikani, Nisha L. Patel.
A rapid, sensitive, precise, and Robust Gas chromatography(GC) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Menthol, Methyl salicylate and Linseed oil in Laboratory prepared pain relief herbal formulation and marketed pain relief formulation. The determination was carried out on capillary gas chromatography using flame ionization detector. Good separation of menthol (tR= 10.368), methyl salicylate (tR= 10.795) and linseed oil (tR= 21.912 and 25.180) and terpene hydrate (tR= 13.914) was obtained. The recovery of Menthol, Methyl Salicylate and Linseed oil was found to be 98.34%, 99.1% and 102.74% respectively. The correlation coefficients of linear regression analysis (r2) were found to be 0.999, 0.999 and 0.996 respectively. Thus Proposed GC method provides a good resolution of Menthol. Methyl salicylate and Linseed oil.


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Genome-wide identification and characterization of the Dof gene family in moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens)

Abstract

The Dof (DNA binding with One Finger) family of single zinc finger proteins is a family of plant-specific transcription factors. These transcription factors have a variety of important functions in different biological processes in plants. In the current study, we identified 26 Dof family genes in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens). A complete overview of PhDof genes in moso bamboo is presented, including the gene structures, phylogeny, protein motifs and expression patterns. Phylogenetic analysis of the 26 PhDof proteins identified four classes constituting seven clusters (A, B1, C1, C2, D1, D2 and D3). In addition, a comparative analysis between the Dof genes in moso bamboo, Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana L.) and rice (Oryza sativa L.) was also performed, and several putative paralogous and orthologous genes were identified. The exon numbers in Dof genes ranged from one to three in many plants; however, the exon number in PhDofs ranged from one to four. The PhDof genes displayed differential expression in different parts of the shoot and at different flower development stages. This study represents the first step towards a genome-wide analysis of the Dof genes in moso bamboo. Our study provides a useful reference for cloning and functional analysis of members of the Dof gene family in moso bamboo and other species.

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Differences in motor recovery between upper and lower limbs: does stroke subtype make the difference?

Previous studies comparing the patterns of recovery for upper (UL) and lower limbs (LL) reported similar patterns of motor recovery of extremities. However, the influence of clinical stroke subtypes on the difference between recovery of extremities has never been investigated. The aim of this study is to compare the time course of the UL and LL in a sample of patients who have had distinct subtypes of ischemic stroke. A total of 443 consecutive patients following ischemic stroke were assessed at admission, discharge, and 1 month after discharge with the arm and leg motor parts of the Fugl-Meyer scale. Separate analyses were carried out for the entire sample and for samples of each stroke subtype classified according to the Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project. All groups showed significant improvements in motor function (P

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Assessment of sit-to-stand movement in nonspecific low back pain: a comparison study for psychometric properties of field-based and laboratory-based methods

One of the most difficult tasks associated with the management of nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is its clinical assessment. Objective functional methods have been developed for assessment. However, few studies have used daily activities such as sit-to-stand (STS). The aim was to compare the psychometric properties of two commonly used STS assessment methods. A test–retest reliability study design was used. Participants with nonspecific LBP performed the 30-s chair stand test (30CST) and the STS test in Balance Master, which measures weight transfer, rising index and centre of gravity sway velocity. The same tests were reperformed after 48–72 h. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change and coefficient of variation were calculated to compare the reliability. The correlations between the tests, the Oswestry Disability Index and pain intensity were examined for validation. The 30CST had very high intrarater reliability (ICC=0.94). The variables of STS test in Balance Master had moderate intrarater reliability (ICC=0.62–0.69). There were significant correlations between the 30CST, Oswestry Disability Index and pain intensity at activity (P

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Research on rehabilitation interventions for adults living with HIV: a scoping review

The aim of this paper is to use a scoping review to investigate the extent, range, and nature of research on rehabilitation interventions for adults living with HIV. Electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, AMED, and PsychINFO) and reference lists of the included articles were searched. Authors were emailed when possible for unavailable articles. A total of 897 titles and abstracts were retrieved. Thirty-three articles were included. There were 27 different rehabilitation interventions delivered by 18 professions. The studies were completed in four different countries. Most studies were published in 2008. A randomized-controlled trial was the most used method. The nature of the studies was analyzed according to the three-core concepts of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health: 28 studies addressed impairments; six studies addressed activity limitations; and 14 studies addressed participation restrictions. This scoping study advances the knowledge of research on rehabilitation interventions for adults living with HIV. More research on rehabilitation interventions is needed in sub-Saharan Africa and other low-income and middle-income countries to ensure that these individuals are receiving the best possible care. There is a need for the HIV field to recognize the important contribution of rehabilitation toward the HIV care continuum.

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