Τετάρτη 20 Φεβρουαρίου 2019

Orbitofrontal dysfunction during the reward process in adults with ADHD: an fMRI study

Publication date: Available online 19 February 2019

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): Dong-Yu Yang, Mei Hung Chi, Ching-Lin Chu, Chun-Yu Lin, Shuo-En Hsu, Kao Chin Chen, I hui Lee, Po See Chen, Yen Kuang Yang

Abstract
Objective

The present study aimed to detect differences in the reward response between adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls (HCs) using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).

Methods

The Iowa gambling task (IGT) was designed to explore participants' reward-related decision-making in relation to selections during risky behaviors. Twenty adults with ADHD and 20 HCs were enrolled. fMRI with a modified IGT was performed.

Results

The adults with ADHD showed a poorer performance in terms of avoidance during risky behaviors. The fMRI results indicated that the adults with ADHD had significantly lower orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) activation. A positive correlation between performance in the IGT and brain activation in the OFC was detected.

Conclusions

The results suggested that the adults with ADHD exhibited abnormal OFC responses during decision-making.

Significance

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to use fMRI to collect brain activation data while performing the IGT in adults with ADHD. Our findings suggest that deficits in reward processing in ADHD are still present during adulthood.



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