Different patterns of movement-related cortical oscillations in patients with myoclonus and in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia

Publication date: Available online 16 February 2019

Source: Clinical Neurophysiology

Author(s): E. Visani, C. Mariotti, L. Nanetti, A. Mongelli, A. Castaldo, F. Panzica, S. Franceschetti, L. Canafoglia

Abstract

Objective

To assess whether different patterns of EEG rhythms during a Go/No-go motor task characterize patients with cortical myoclonus (EPM1) or with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA).

Methods

We analyzed event-related desynchronization (ERD) and synchronization (ERS) in the alpha and beta-bands during visually cued Go/No-go task in 22 patients (11 with EPM1, 11 with SCA) and 11 controls.

Results

In the Go condition, the only significant difference was a reduced contralateral beta-ERS in the EPM1 patients compared with controls; in the No-go condition, the EPM1 patients showed prolonged alpha-ERD in comparison with both controls and SCA patients, and reduced or delayed alpha- and beta-ERS in comparison with controls. In both conditions, the SCA patients, unlike EPM1 patients and controls, showed minimal or absent lateralization of alpha- and beta-ERD.

Conclusions

EPM1 patients showed abnormal ERD/ERS dynamics, whereas SCA patients mainly showed defective ERD lateralization.

Significance

A different behavior of ERS/ERD distinguished the two patient groups: the pattern observed in EPM1 suggests a prominent defect of inhibition occurring in motor cortex contralateral to activated segment, whereas the pattern observed in SCA suggested a defective lateralization attributable to the damage of cerebello-cortical network, which is instead marginal in patients with cortical myoclonus.

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