Introduction Pediatric heart transplant recipients (HTx) have reduced exercise capacity typically two-thirds of predicted values; the mechanisms of which are not fully understood. We sought to assess the cardiorespiratory responses to progressive exercise in HTx relative to controls matched for age, sex, body size, and work rate. Methods Fourteen HTx and matched controls underwent exercise stress echocardiography on a semi-supine cycle ergometer. Hemodynamics, left ventricular (LV) dimensions and volumes were obtained, and indexed to body surface area. Oxygen consumption (V[Combining Dot Above]O2) was measured and arteriovenous oxygen difference (a-vO2) was estimated using the Fick Principle. Results At rest, LV mass index (p=0.03) and volumes (p
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