Anesthetist‐delivered intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in pediatric cardiac surgery – a review

Abstract

Echocardiography constitutes one of the fundamental tools for making a diagnosis of a structural, congenital cardiac malformation. Transthoracic echocardiography ('TTE') first entered regular clinical use in the late 1970's, and within approximately ten years the use of transesophageal echocardiography ('TEE') had spread into adult cardiac anaesthesia. Once miniaturized probes had been manufactured (in the 1990's), use then spread to pediatric patients.

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