Changes in the Spectral Characteristics of the Electroencephalogram during Biocontrol of Heart Rate Variability Parameters in Healthy Subjects

Objectives. To assess changes in the spectral characteristics of the electroencephalogram (EEG) in humans during single sessions of biocontrol of hart rate variability parameters using biological feedback (BFB). Materials and Methods. A total of 150 adolescents aged 16–17 years were studied. Adolescents of the BFB group (n = 110) took part in biocontrol sessions to increase vagal influences on heart rate; the control group (n = 40) remained in the state of calm wakefulness. EEG recordings were made with the eyes closed before and after BFB training. EEG characteristics were studied in terms of changes in absolute power levels (μV²) in artifact-free trace segments in each frequency range. Results and conclusions. The ability of human subjects to change the activity of heart rate parameters determines the level of action on the functions of the central autonomic regulatory structures. This biocontrol method promotes improvements in cortical stability, with increases in α and decreases in β EEG activity. Brain activity synchronization processes during biocontrol were more clearly apparent in the right hemisphere, often involving the prefrontal areas.

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