Odontogenic myxoma: a 63-year retrospective multicenter study of 85 cases in a Brazil population and a review of 999 cases from literature

Abstract

Background

Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is an uncommon neoplasm of the jaws. Considering the importance of defining the relative incidence and demographic profile of these lesions in South America, the aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and imagiological features of OM from three South American oral pathology services and to discuss these findings in light of the literature.

Methods

Data regarding age, gender, anatomic site and imagiological features from 85 cases of OM were collected. Additionally, we did a review of OM studies published in three electronic databases.

Results

Among 63,450 oral biopsies, 1,178 (1.85%) were odontogenic tumors (World Health Organization - 2017), of which 85 (7.21%) met the criteria of OM. The mean age was 30.7 years (range: 10-61 years; SD: 12.22). Forty-five (52.9%) cases occurred in females and 40 (47.1%) in males (ratio: 1:1.12). Maxilla was affected in 44 cases (53%) and mandible in 39 (47%). Of the 41 informed cases (48.2%), all of them were radiolucent lesions. The literature review indicated a majority of mean ages in third decade and a predilection for females, mandible and multilocular radiolucent lesions.

Conclusions

The features of OM samples have strong similarity to that reported in studies from other continents. It is possible to infer that geographic variation does not help to explain some differences observed in the clinical features of OM.

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