Evidence Supporting Serology Based Pathway for Diagnosing Coeliac Disease In Asymptomatic Children From High-Risk Groups.

Objective: The European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) guidelines for diagnosing coeliac disease (CD) in children were modified in 2012. They recommend that in symptomatic children with anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody (anti-tTG) titre of greater than 10-times upper limit of normal (>10xULN) and who have positive anti-endomysial antibody and HLA-DQ2/DQ8 haplotype, the diagnosis of CD can be based on serology. Aim of this study is to establish whether serology-based pathway of the ESPGHAN guidelines could also be reliably applied to asymptomatic children from high-risk groups. Methods: From March 2007 - February 2017 prospective data on anti-tTG titre, age, sex and reason for screening was collected at diagnostic endoscopy on all asymptomatic children being diagnosed with CD. The relationship between modified Marsh-Oberhuber classification histological grading and contemporaneous anti-tTG titres was analysed. Results: 157 asymptomatic children were diagnosed with CD. 84/157 (53.5%) had antitTG >10xULN (normal 200IU/ml and total villous atrophy was present in 29/53 (55%). Main reasons for serological screening were: type-1 diabetes mellitus (n = 36) and first-degree relatives with CD (n = 24). Mean age at diagnosis was 8.8 years. Serology-based diagnosis is cost-beneficial by around [pounds]1275/child in the United Kingdom. Conclusion: All 75 asymptomatic children from high-risk groups with anti-tTG >10xULN had histology proven CD. This study provides further evidence that the guidelines for diagnosing CD by the serology-based pathway should be extended to these children. (C) 2017 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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