Daily resistance-type exercise stimulates overall muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in young males

Background: Resistance-type exercise increases muscle protein synthesis rates during acute post-exercise recovery. The impact of resistance-type exercise training on (local) muscle protein synthesis rates under free living conditions on a day-to-day basis remains unclear. Objective: To determine the impact of daily unilateral resistance-type exercise on local myofibrillar protein synthesis rates during a three-day period. Methods: Twelve healthy young males (22±1 y) were recruited to participate in this study where they performed daily, unilateral resistance-type exercise during a three-day intervention period. Two days prior to the exercise training subjects ingested 400 mL deuterated water (²H₂O). Additional 50 mL doses of deuterated water were ingested daily during the training period. Saliva and blood samples were collected daily to assess body water and amino acid precursor deuterium enrichments, respectively. Muscle tissue biopsies were collected before and after the three days of unilateral resistance-type exercise training from both the exercised and the non-exercised, control leg for the assessment of muscle protein synthesis rates. Results: Deuterated water dosing resulted in a steady state body water enrichment of 0.70±0.03 %. Intramuscular free ²H-alanine enrichment increased up to 1.84±0.06 MPE prior to the exercise training, and did not change in both the exercised and control leg during the 3 subsequent exercise training days (2.11±0.11 and 2.19±0.12 MPE, respectively; P>0.05). Muscle protein synthesis rates averaged 1.984±0.118 and 1.642±0.089 %·d^-1 in the exercised vs non-exercised, control leg when assessed over the entire three-day period (P<0.05). Conclusions: Daily resistance-type exercise stimulates (local) muscle protein synthesis rates in vivo in humans.

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