Complex Pediatric Constipation: A Case Study of a Child With a Malone Appendicostomy

Constipation is the chief complaint at approximately 3% to 5% percent of pediatric outpatient clinic visits (Borowitz, 2016). This diagnosis is challenging at times and is defined by the North American Society of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition as "a delay or difficulty in defecation present for two weeks or more and sufficient to cause significant distress to the patient" (Borowitz, 2016, p.1). Additionally, up to 25% of all visits to pediatric gastroenterologists are for constipation-related complaints (Nurko & Zimmerman, 2014).

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