Spatiotemporal propagation patterns of generalized ictal spikes in childhood absence epilepsy

Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) is the prototype syndrome of genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy (GGE/IGE) characterized by typical absence seizures (TAS) (Gibbs et al., 1935; Penfield and Jasper, 1954; ILAE 1989; Berg et al., 2010). TAS manifest as brief impairment of consciousness of sudden onset and offset, without aura or post-ictal symptoms (Panayiotopoulos et al., 1989), frequently accompanied by spontaneous eye-opening, staring, random eye-blinking and automatisms (Hirsch and Marescaux, 1994; Panayiotopoulos, 1997).

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