Clinical significance of CK7, HPV-L1, and koilocytosis for patients with cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions: A retrospective analysis

Publication date: Available online 26 May 2017
Source:Human Pathology
Author(s): Lanqing Cao, Ping-Li Sun, Min Yao, Shifan Chen, Hongwen Gao
Most cervical low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs) do not progress to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs); however, reliable biomarkers that predict LSIL progression are lacking. We investigated the association of cytokeratin 7 (CK7), human papillomavirus-L1 capsid protein (HPV-L1), and koilocytosis with clinical outcomes of patients with LSIL. CK7, HPV-L1, Ki67, and p16-INK4A expression was determined in 72 cervical LSIL and 28 HSIL biopsy samples; koilocytosis was evaluated by reviewing biopsy slides. Fifty patients with LSIL received follow-up. CK7, HPV-L1, and koilocytosis were detected in 48.6%, 44.4%, and 52.0% of LSIL tissues, and in 78.6%, 10.7%, and 64.3% of HSIL tissues, respectively. Lesion grade was correlated directly with CK7 expression (P=.007) and inversely with HPV-L1 expression (P=.004). CK7 expression in LSILs was correlated inversely with HPV-L1 expression and directly with p16-INK4A and Ki67 status. Furthermore, koilocytosis was significantly associated with HPV-L1 and p16-INK4A expression. Progression to cervical intraepithelial lesions of grades ≥2 occurred in 34% of cases. CK7 negativity and HPV-L1 positivity were significantly associated with lower HSIL progression rates. HPV-L1-positive and CK7-negative LSILs showed significantly lower progression rates compared with HPV-L1-negative and CK7-positive LSILs (6.3% vs. 50.0%, respectively). Koilocytic and HPV-L1-positive cases showed a significantly lower progression rate (17.6%) compared with non-koilocytic and HPV-L1-negative cases (50%). CK7-negative, HPV-L1-positive, and koilocytic LSILs showed a progression rate of 7.7%. Koilocytosis and p16-INK4A were not significantly associated with clinical outcomes. Hence, evaluating HPV-L1, CK7, and koilocytosis profiles combined may be more reliable for LSIL prognostication.



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