Improving Navigation Performance in Spine Surgery: A Human Factors Approach

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Intraoperative computed tomography image-guided navigation (CT-IGN) has made a tremendous impact on spine surgery. However, the complexities of workflow and the interplay between the surgeon, operating room team and navigation technology have never been described. Using a novel human factors analysis approach, we successfully studied spinal navigation workflow to understand relationships between learning curves, operative phase, and workflow disruptions. We categorized these flow disruptions in an attempt to identify potential improvements in using CT-IGN in spine surgery.

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