Evaluation of Cow Factors and Milk Composition on Freezing Point Depression of Cow Milk

2016-05-23T11-12-44Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
P.G.N.D. Senevirathne, U.L.P. Mangalika, A.M.J.B. Adikari, W.A.D. Nayananjalie.
This study was aimed to determine the effect of cow factors; breed, age, nutritional status, lactation number and stage of the cow and milk composition on freezing point depression (FPD) of milk. Unadulterated individual milk samples were collected from different cow breeds. All milk samples were tested for FPD, Milk Urea Nitrogen (MUN) and its composition. Results revealed that FPD was significantly differed (P

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Higher plasma orexin A levels in children with Prader–Willi syndrome compared with healthy unrelated sibling controls

Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with maladaptive social behavior, hyperphagia, and morbid obesity. Orexin A is a hypothalamic neuropeptide important as a homeostatic regulator of feeding behavior and in energy metabolism through actions in the lateral hypothalamus. Dysregulation of orexin signaling may contribute to behavioral problems and hyperphagia seen in PWS and we sought to assess orexin A levels in PWS relative to controls children. Morning fasting plasma orexin A levels were analyzed in 23 children (aged 5–11 years) with genetically confirmed PWS and 18 age and gender matched healthy unrelated siblings without PWS. Multiplex immune assays utilized the Milliplex Human Neuropeptide Magnetic panel and the Luminex platform. Natural log-transformed orexin A data were analyzed using general linear model adjusting for diagnosis, gender, age, total body fat and body mass index (BMI). Plasma orexin A levels were significantly higher (P < 0.006) in children with PWS (average ±SD = 1028 pg/ml ± 358) compared with unrelated siblings (average ±SD = 609 pg/ml ± 351; P < 0.001). Orexin A levels correlated with age in females and were significantly elevated in PWS even after these effects were controlled. These findings support the hypothesis that dysregulation of orexin signaling may contribute to behavioral problems and hyperphagia in PWS. Further studies are warranted to better understand the complex relationship between orexin A levels and the problematic behaviors consistently found in individuals with PWS. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF PENDULOUS CROP IN A TURKEY

2016-05-23T11-12-44Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
BS REDDY.
A 32 months age old tom turkey with oedema at the ventral part of the neck region was presented to the clinic. Clinical examination, electrocardiographic evolution, analysis of faecal sample and whole blood was done. While palpation of the oedematous region, crop contents were expelling out through the mouth. Based on the history, clinical signs and laboratory findings it was suggestive of pendulous crop. It was treated with course of antibiotic along with emptying of the crop was done by the bird upside down. After therapy bird was free from the oedematous enlargement and it was active.


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Protein-losing enteropathy with entestinal lymphangiectasia in skeletal dysplasia with Lys650Met mutation

Protein-losing enteropathy is a primary or secondary manifestation of a group of conditions, and etiologies which are broadly divisible into those with mucosal injury on the basis of inflammatory and ulcerative conditions, mucosal injury without erosions or ulcerations, and lymphatic abnormalities. We describe the first case of protein-losing enteropathy in a pediatric patient, with severe skeletal dysplasia consistent with thanatophoric dysplasia type I and DNA analysis that revealed a c.1949A>T (p.Lys650Met) in exon 15 of the FGFR3 gene. She presented with protein-losing enteropathy in her 6th month. Post-mortem examination revealed lymphangiectasia in the small intestine. To our knowledge, this is the first report of intestinal lymphangiectasia as a complication of skeletal dysplasia resulting in severe protein-losing enteropathy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Comparison of the combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine to propofol or propofol/sevoflurane for drug-induced sleep endoscopy in children

Summary

Aim

Examination of dynamic airway collapse in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) can help identify the anatomic causes of airway obstruction. We hypothesized that a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine (Group DK) would result in fewer oxygen desaturations and a higher successful completion rate during DISE in children with OSA when compared to propofol (Group P) or sevoflurane/propofol (Group SP).

Methods

In this retrospective study, we reviewed the records of 59 children who presented for DISE between October 2013 and March 2015. Data analyzed included demographics, OSA severity, and hemodynamics (heart rate and blood pressure). The primary outcomes were airway desaturation during DISE to <85% and successful completion of DISE; these were compared between the three groups: DK, P, and SP.

Results

Preoperative polysomnography was available for 49 patients. There were significantly more patients with severe OSA in Group P as compared to the other two groups. The mean (±sd) bolus dose for ketamine, dexmedetomidine, and propofol were 2.0 ± 0.6 mg·kg⁻¹, 1.9 ± 0.9 mcg·kg⁻¹, and 1.8 ± 1.1 mg·kg⁻¹, respectively. The mean (±sd) infusion rate for dexmedetomidine was 1.6 ± 0.7 mcg·kg⁻¹·h⁻¹ and for propofol was 248 ± 68 mcg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ in Group P and 192 ± 48 mcg·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹ in Group SP. Patients in Group DK had significantly fewer desaturations to <85% during DISE compared to Group P. Patients in Group DK had significantly more successful completion of DISE (100% Group DK, 92% Group P, and 79% Group SP) as compared to Group SP.

Conclusions

These results suggest that the described dose regimen of propofol used alone or in combination with sevoflurane appears to be associated with more oxygen desaturations and a lower rate of successful completion than a combination of dexmedetomidine and ketamine during DISE in children with OSA.

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SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF TONGUE – A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2016-05-22T23-53-42Z
Source: International Journal of Current Research and Review
L. Kayal, S. Jayachandran, Y. Hemavathy Bhaskar.
Oral Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cancer of the Oral Cavity and it is usually seen in patients above the age of 50 years. It rarely occurs in patients who are less than 30 years old (0.4-5.5%). Diagnosis in advanced stage, misdiagnosis usually lead to inappropriate treatment and delayed definitive treatment. Studies show that nearly 30-40 % of all cancer-related mortality are due to human behaviors such as smoking, consumption of alcohol, poor diet quality and physical inactivity. The morbidity of this malignant neoplasm is low in young patientsonly about 2 % of patients was diagnosed with tongue cancer in patients under the age of 35 years. This case report describes a squamous cell carcinoma, involving anterolateral border of tongue in young adult.


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Genetic engineering: A new player in genome editing

Nature Reviews Genetics. doi:10.1038/nrg.2016.72

Author: Linda Koch

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