Validity of Field and Laboratory Three-Compartment Models in Healthy Adults

Modified laboratory- and field-based multi-compartment models have been found valid for estimating body composition. However, the comparability between these models is unknown. Purpose This study determined the validity of field and laboratory three-compartment (3C) models in healthy adults. Methods One-hundred twenty participants (63 men and 57 women; age = 22 ± 5 years; BMI = 24.9 ± 3.9 kg/m2) participated in this study. A criterion four-compartment model (4C-Criterion) was determined with underwater weighing for body volume (BV), bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for total body water (TBW), and dual energy X-ray absroptiometry (DXA) for bone mineral content (BMC). Modified laboratory-based 3C models were determined using BIS for TBW and two separate DXA BV equations (3C-DXASR and 3C-DXAW) whereas a field-based 3C model (3C-Field) was obtained using single-frequency bioimpedance analysis for TBW and skinfold-derived BV. In addition, a stand-alone DXA assessment was evaluated. Results The effect size of the mean differences when compared to the 4C-Criterion were trivial to small for all modified 3C models and DXA when estimating fat mass, fat-free mass, and body fat percentage. The standard error of estimate and 95% limtis of agreement for all modified 3C models and DXA were similar and considered acceptable. However, 3C-Field produced the lowest total error (TE) values and 3C-DXASR produced slightly lower TE values than 3C-DXAW and DXA. Conclusion The present study found that all modified 3C models and DXA exhibited acceptable errors. When performed by expert personnel, a field-based 3C model appears to be a viable alternative to laboratory-derived models in the young healthy adults. Corresponding Author: Brett S. Nickerson, Ph.D., CSCS*D, EP-C, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Texas A&M International University, 5201 University Boulevard, Laredo, TX 78041. 956-326-2696. brett.nickerson@tamiu.edu Results of the present study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. The authors did not receive any funding for this project and have no conflict of interest to declare in relation to any products used in the current study. Results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by the American College of Sports Medicine. Accepted for publication: 13 December 2018. © 2018 American College of Sports Medicine

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