Failure to generate baseline muscle motor evoked potentials during spine surgery: Risk factors and association with the postoperative outcomes

Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring using transcranial electrical motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and somatosensory evoked potentials is currently considered important for the detection of intraoperative neural damage and for risk reduction of irreversible nervous system dysfunction in various types of surgeries (Park et al., 2011; Raynor et al., 2013; Xu et al., 2011). In particular, using MEPs is widely accepted for monitoring corticospinal tract function. Transcranial electric stimulation can elicit action potentials in either limb muscles (muscle MEPs; mMEPs) or the spinal cord (D-waves).

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