Augmented Anabolic Responses following 8-weeks Cycling with Blood Flow Restriction

Introduction Low-intensity endurance training performed with blood flow restriction (ET-BFR) can improve muscle strength, cross-sectional area (CSA) and cardiorespiratory capacity. Whether muscle strength and CSA as well as cardiorespiratory capacity (i.e.:V˙O2max) and underlying molecular processes regulating such respective muscle adaptations are comparable to resistance and endurance training is unknown. Purpose To determine the respective chronic (i.e.: 8 weeks) functional, morphological and molecular responses of ET-BFR training compared to conventional, unrestricted resistance training (RT) and endurance training (ET). Methods Thirty healthy young men were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: ET-BFR (n=10, 4 days/wk, 30 min cycling at 40% of V˙O2max), RT (n=10, 4 days/wk, 4 sets of 10 reps leg-press at 70% of 1-RM with 60 s rest) or ET (n=10, 4 days/wk, 30 min cycling at 70% of V˙O2max) for 8 weeks. Measures of quadriceps CSA, leg press 1-RM, and V˙O2max as well as muscle biopsies were obtained prior to and post intervention. Results Both RT and ET-BFR increased muscle strength and hypertrophy responses. ET-BFR also increased V˙O2max, total COXIV abundance and VEGF mRNA abundance despite the lower work load compared to ET. Conclusion Eight weeks of ET-BFR can increase muscle strength and induce similar muscle hypertrophy responses to RT while V˙O2max responses also increased post-intervention even with a significantly lower work load compared to ET. Our findings provide new insight to some of the molecular mechanisms mediating adaptation responses with ET-BFR and the potential for this training protocol to improve muscle and cardiorespiratory capacity. Author for correspondence: Miguel S. Conceição, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Av. Érico Veríssimo, 701, Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz" Barão Geraldo, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. CEP: 13083-851, Email: conceicao.miguel0106@gmail.com, Phone: + 55 19 35216625 The authors would like to express gratitude for the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), grant #2014/00985-0 #2015/19756-3. The authors declare that the results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM. Submitted for publication November 2017. Accepted for publication July 2018. © 2018 American College of Sports Medicine

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