Compression Socks Worn During Flight and Hemostatic Balance in Boston Marathon Runners on Oral Contraceptives

Objective: To investigate the effect of oral contraceptive (OC) use and compression socks on hemostatic activation in women flying cross-country to and from a marathon. Design: Prospective study. Setting: 2015 Boston Marathon. Participants: Women were divided into non-OC using (CONTROL; n = 12), OC-using (OC; n = 15), and OC-using plus compression sock (OC + SOCK; n = 14) groups. Intervention: Women in OC + SOCK wore compression socks during flights to and from the marathon. Main Outcome Measures: Venous blood samples were collected within 24 hours of arriving in Boston (EXPO), immediately after the marathon (RUN), and within 24 hours after a return flight home (Post-Flight) for analysis of thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT), d-dimer, and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Results: TAT did not increase with exercise (P = 0.48) and was not affected by group (P = 0.08) or the interaction between these 2 factors (P = 0.80). Group, time, and their interaction were significant for d-dimer (all P

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