A retrospective investigation of HLA-B*5801 in hyperuricemia patients in a Han population of China

Background Hyperuricemia and gout have become increasingly prevalent in China. Allopurinol is an effective urate-lowering therapy, but it has severe side effects. HLA-B*5801 is highly associated with the allopurinol-induced toxic epidermal necrolysis and Stevens–Johnson syndrome. Patients and methods In this retrospective report, we had genotyped HLA-B*5801 in 253 cases of hyperuricemia and gout patients in a Han population in Shenzhen and analyzed the clinical management of medications. Results We found 30 carriers of the HLA-B*5801 allele in 253 cases of hyperuricemia or gout patients in the population (11.9%). Allopurinol was prescribed in both HLA-B*5801-positive and HLA-B*5801-negative groups. The evaluation of four models with or without genetic screening and management of allopurinol or febuxostat indicated that the HLA-B*5801 screening had significant cost benefit for clinical management. Conclusion For appropriate management and cost-effectiveness, the HLA-B*5801 allele should be screened in all patients with hyperuricemia and gout in the Chinese population. Correspondence to Youming Zhang, MB, MSc, DPhil, Functional Genomics Group, Genomic Medicine Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, UK E-mail: y.zhang@imperial.ac.uk *Dewen Yan and Youming Zhang contributed equally to the writing of this article. Received November 22, 2017 Accepted March 7, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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