Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation Changes After Decompressive Craniectomy for Malignant Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) is a life-saving intervention for malignant cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Earlier studies have shown increase in cerebral oxygenation after DC in traumatic brain injury but similar studies are lacking in CVT. We hypothesized that regional cerebral (tissue) oxygen saturation (rSO2) on the side of CVT is lower than the contralateral side and improves after DC. Materials and Methods: In this prospective cohort study, rSO2 was monitored using near-infrared spectroscopy technique, before and after DC on both cerebral hemispheres. Data regarding factors likely to affect rSO2 such as systolic blood pressure, partial pressure of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood (PaO2 and PaCO2), and hemoglobin were simultaneously collected. The primary outcome measure was pre-post change in rSO2 on the ipsilateral cerebral hemisphere. The secondary outcomes were in-hospital mortality and duration of postoperative hospital stay. Results: Seventeen patients underwent DC during the 6-month study period. Their mean age was 39.2±12.4 years. The pre-post DC change in rSO2 on the hemisphere with CVT was significant (mean difference=3.6%; 95% confidence interval, 1.5-5.7; P=0.002). One patient died in the hospital. There was no difference in the duration of postoperative hospital stay (10 d [range, 6 to 21 d] vs. 14 d [range, 1 to 30 d], P=0.92) between patients with preoperative ipsilateral rSO2 60%. There was no correlation between PaO2, PaCO2, systolic blood pressure, and hemoglobin with rSO2. Conclusions: Patients with malignant CVT had a lower rSO2 on ipsilateral side of the lesion, which improved significantly after DC. Preoperative rSO2 was not correlated with the duration of hospital stay. The authors have no funding or conflicts of interest to disclose. Address correspondence to: Kamath Sriganesh, DM, Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, 3rd Floor, Neurosciences Faculty Block, NIMHANS, Hosur Road, Bengaluru 560029, India (e-mail: drsri23@gmail.com). Received November 7, 2017 Accepted January 25, 2018 Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved

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