Cardiac autonomic responses to nociceptive stimuli in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness

Chronic disorders of consciousness (DOC) following a severe brain injury are characterized by dissociation between arousal and awareness, the two fundamental dimensions of consciousness (Bernat, 2006). Within these disorders, the historical term "vegetative state" (VS) (Jennett and Plum, 1972) was coined to describe a clinical condition in which patients do retain visceral autonomic regulation and brainstem control of cardiopulmonary function in the absence of any signs of awareness (Plum and Posner, 2007).

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