GABA concentration in sensorimotor cortex following high-intensity exercise and relationship to lactate levels

Abstract

High-intensity exercise increases the concentration of circulating lactate. Cortical uptake of blood borne lactate increases during and following exercise, however the potential relationship with changes in the concentration of neurometabolites remains unclear. While changes in neurometabolite concentration have previously been demonstrated in primary visual cortex following exercise, it remains unknown whether these changes extend to regions such as sensorimotor cortex (SM) or executive regions such as dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Here we explored the acute aftereffects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the concentration of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA), a combined glutamate-glutamine-glutathione spectral peak (Glx), and their balance in SM and DLPFC, as well as the relationship to blood lactate levels. Following HIIT, there was a robust increase in GABA concentration in sensorimotor cortex, evident across the majority of participants. This change was not observed in DLPFC. Furthermore, the increase in sensorimotor cortex GABA was positively correlated with an increase in blood lactate. There were no changes in Glx concentration in either region. The observed increase in sensorimotor cortex GABA concentration implies functional relevance while the correlation with lactate levels may relate to the metabolic fate of exercise-derived lactate that crosses the blood-brain barrier.

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