Hip Biomechanics Are Altered in Male Runners with Achilles Tendinopathy.

Purpose: Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a prevalent injury in running sports. Understanding the biomechanical factors associated with AT will assist in its management and prevention. The purpose of this study was to compare hip and ankle kinematics and kinetics in runners with and without AT. Methods: Fourteen male runners with AT and eleven healthy male runners (CTRL) ran over-ground whilst lower-limb joint motion and ground reaction force data were synchronously captured. Hip and ankle joint angles, moments, and impulses in all three planes (sagittal, transverse and frontal) were extracted for analysis. Independent t-tests were used to compare the differences between the AT and CTRL groups for the biomechanical variables of interest. Following Bonferroni adjustment, an alpha level of 0.0026 was set for all analyses. Results: The AT group exhibited an increased peak hip external rotation moment (p= 0.001), hip external rotation impulse (p

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