An allograft generated from adult stem cells and their secreted products efficiently fuses vertebrae in immune compromised athymic rats and inhibits local immune responses.

Spine pain and the disability associated with it are epidemic in the United States. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, >650,000 spinal fusion surgeries are performed annually in the US and yet there is a failure rate of 15-40% when standard methods employing current commercial bone substitutes are utilized. Autologous bone graft is the gold standard in terms of fusion success, but the morbidity associated with the procedure and limitations in the availability of sufficient material has limited its use in the majority of cases.

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