Nutritional Status in Short Stature Children is Related to Both Ghrelin and Insulin-like Growth Factor I Concentrations.

Objectives: Ghrelin plays an important role in the growth processes in children, additionally, it regulates appetite. The aim of the study was to assess ghrelin and insulin-like growth factor type I (IGF-I) concentrations in children with idiopathic short stature (ISS), dependent on nutritional status. Methods: The study group included 116 children, aged 10.6 +/- 3.5 years (mean +/- SD), with ISS [height below -2.0 standard deviation scores (SDS), maximal growth hormone (GH) secretion during two GH-stimulating tests - over 10 ng/ml]. In each child, fasting ghrelin, IGF-I, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), glucose, insulin, lipids, leptin, adiponectin and resistin concentrations were assessed. The IGF-I/IGFBP-3 molar ratio was calculated to determine the IGF-I bioavailability. According to body mass index SDS calculated for height age (BMI SDS for HA), the children were divided into 3 groups: poorly nourished (thin), normal and obese. The control group consisted of 19 healthy children, aged 11.0 +/- 3.5 years, with normal body weight and height. Results: Ghrelin concentration was significantly higher in short, thin children than in short, obese children (1458.3 +/- 798.5 vs. 917.2 +/- 303.0 pg/ml; p

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