Does diazinon-sprayed market melon alter cholinesterase activity in healthy consumers? A randomized control trial

OBJECTIVE: Food contributes in measurable body burden of the widely used organophosphate pesticides. We designed a randomized controlled open label trial in Mashhad University Hospital in Iran, to study the possible alterations in cholinesterase activity resulting from consuming market melon known to be exposed to diazinon.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-three young healthy volunteers were recruited. Participants were randomized to consume 250 g per day of organic (N = 22) vs. market melon (N = 31) during fifteen days. The primary outcome was the variation of red blood-cell (RBC) cholinesterase activity between day 15 (after) and day 0 (prior the intervention). The secondary outcome was a variation of the plasma cholinesterase activity between both dates.

RESULTS: Baseline RBC [5.21 ± 0.93 vs. 5.53 ± 0.99 IU/mL, mean ± SD] and plasma cholinesterase activities [54.0 ± 8.1 vs. 57.4 ± 8.6%] did not significantly differ between organic and market melon-exposed participants, respectively. RBC [5.86 ± 1.27 vs. 5.11 ± 1.2 IU/mL] and plasma cholinesterase activities [58.7 ± 10.0 vs. 50.5 ± 13.0%] significantly increased in organic melon-exposed vs. market melon-exposed participants (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS: RBC and plasma cholinesterase activities significantly improved after eating organic instead of market melon during fifteen days. However, the consequences on the health of the observed cholinesterase alterations attributed to diazinon dietary intake remain to be determined.

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