Whipple’s Disease: A Well-Done Outcome to a Rare Disease

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MLSB-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Central Greece: Rate of Resistance and Molecular Characterization

Microbial Drug Resistance, Ahead of Print.


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Characterization of Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Environmental Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Isolates from Brazil

Microbial Drug Resistance, Ahead of Print.


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Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus faecium in Tunisia: Emergence of Novel Clones

Microbial Drug Resistance, Ahead of Print.


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Functional Analysis of a Putative Target of Spatially Varying Selection in the Menin1 Gene of Drosophila melanogaster

While significant effort has been devoted to investigating the potential influence of spatially varying selection on genomic variation, relatively little effort has been devoted to experimental analysis of putative variants or genes experiencing such selection. Previous population genetic work identified an amino acid polymorphism in the Mnn1 gene as one of the most strongly latitudinally differentiated SNPs in the genome of Drosophila melanogaster in the United States and Australia. Here we report the results of our transgenic analysis of this amino acid polymorphism. Genotypes carrying alternative Mnn1 alleles differed in multiple phenotypes in a direction generally consistent with phenotypic differences previously observed along latitudinal clines. These results support inferences from earlier population genomic work that this variant influences fitness, and support the idea that the alleles exhibiting clines may be likely to have pleiotropic effects that are correlated along the axes favored by natural selection.

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Photoplethysmography Detection of Overreaching

Introduction Detecting the onset of functional or non-functional overreaching in endurance athletes is of prior importance to ensure reactive amendment of the scheduled training program. The objective of this study was to assess photoplethysmography (PPG) in overloaded athletes and test whether 1) it would be affected differently in functional overreached (FOR) or non-overreached acutely fatigued (AF) athletes; 2. Specific PPG characteristics would allow timely distinction of FOR and AF. Methods Fifteen athletes performed 2-wk baseline (BSL) training followed by 3-wk overload (+45%; OVL) and 2-wk recovery (-20%; RCV). 3000 m running time-trial was used to assess performance at the end of BSL, OVL and RCV and distinguish FOR and AF. PPG was recorded overnight using a wearable sensor, every third night. Overnight means and variances of systolic, diastolic and dicrotic amplitudes and times as well as systolic and diastolic slopes were used to discriminate FOR and AF athletes. Results Performance was decreased in FOR and improved in AF at the end of OVL. Diastolic time was greater in AF than FOR whilst systolic slope was smaller in AF than FOR during OVL. The variances of systolic, diastolic, dicrotic amplitudes, systolic, diastolic slopes and pulse areas were smaller in AF compared to FOR in the last week of OVL. Conclusion PPG is an efficient tool for the detection of overreaching as it distinguished FOR and AF athletes during OVL (prior performance decrement). This fast-responding method would therefore allow adjusting the daily training content in order to prevent non-functional overreaching. Address for correspondence: Nicolas Bourdillon, ISSUL, Institute of Sport Sciences, Synathlon, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Tel.: +41 21 692 3797. E-mail: nicolas.bourdillon@unil.ch NB and GPM have no conflicts of interest, sources of funding, or financial ties to disclose and no current or past relationship with companies or manufacturers who could benefit from the results of the present study. MN is an employee of my-vitality. The results of the study are presented clearly, honestly, and without fabrication, falsification, or inappropriate data manipulation. This work was made possible by the financial support of the CTI commission n° 18164.2 PFLS-LS. Results of the present study do not constitute endorsement by ACSM. Accepted for publication October 2018. © 2018 American College of Sports Medicine

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Effectiveness of a Parent-led Physical Activity Intervention in Youth with Obesity

Purpose Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) is a complex, rare neuro-behavioral syndrome characterized by excessive fat, hypotonia, poor motor skills, and behavioral and cognitive disabilities. We tested the effectiveness of a home-based physical activity (PA) intervention led by parents in youth with obesity with and without PWS to increase moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and gross motor proficiency (MP). Methods Participants were 111 youth ages 8-16 y (45 with PWS and 66 without PWS, but categorized as obese). A parallel design was used with the control group (C) receiving the intervention after serving as control. Intervention participants (I) completed a PA curriculum four days a week for 24 weeks including warm-up exercises, strengthening exercises, and playground games two days a week and interactive console games two days a week guided by their parents. Pre-post outcomes (baseline to 24 weeks) included MVPA (7-day accelerometry) and MP including upper limb coordination, bilateral coordination, balance, running speed and agility, and muscle strength (Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency). Results The intervention led to no change in MVPA (I-group: 39.6 vs. 38.9 min/day; C-group: 40.6 vs. 38.3 min/day). The intervention led to improvements in body coordination (22.3%; p

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