Thromboelastometry hypercoagulable profiles and portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibit hypercoagulability.

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Thromboelastometry hypercoagulable profiles and portal vein thrombosis in cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Cirrhotic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibit hypercoagulability.

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EFFECT OF FEEDING BYPASS PROTEIN FEED ON MILK PRODUCTION, COMPOSITION AND RETURN OVER FEED COST FROM BUFFALOES OF TRIBAL AREAS IN PANCHMAHAL AND VADODARA DISTRICTS

2016-12-26T22-02-06Z
Source: International Journal of Livestock Research
Chanchal Raghuraj Singh Waghela, Subhash Parnerkar, Makarand Barbadikar.
The study involving eighty buffaloes in their second to fourth lactation in Panchmahal and Vadodara districts indicated that during early lactation inclusion of concentrate mixture with bypass protein in the ration resulted in significant improvement in yield of whole milk, fat and 6% Fat Corrected Milk (FCM). The improved feed conversion efficiency in treatment group resulted in higher return over feed cost. The farm animals in 15-60 days post-partum period were selected based on their average daily milk yield and fat per cent following Completely Randomized Design, for the trial of 90 days duration at tribal villages in Panchmahal and Vadodara districts. The selected buffaloes were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments i.e. T1 (Control) and T2 (Bypass protein feed). The buffaloes in control group (T1) were fed as per the feeding schedule followed by the farmers (concentrate + green roughage + dry roughage) and those in treatment group (T2) were reared on farm feeding schedule + compound concentrate mixture containing bypass protein. The inclusion of bypass protein feed in early lactating buffaloes resulted in improvement in milk quantity and quality as well as feed conversion efficiency which led to increase in daily income by Rs. 29.18 ± 5.18 and 29.53 ± 7.33 per buffalo in Panchmahal and Vadodara districts, respectively.


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Four-week cold acclimation in adult humans shifts uncoupling thermogenesis from skeletal muscles to BAT

Abstract

We previously showed that four weeks of daily cold exposure, in humans, can increase brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume by 45% and oxidative metabolism by 182%. Surprisingly, we did not find a reciprocal reduction in shivering intensity when exposed to a mild cold (18°C). The aim of the present study was to determine whether changes in skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism or shivering activity could account for these unexpected findings. Nine men participated in a four-week cold acclimation intervention (10°C water circulating in liquid-conditioned suit, 2 h/day, 5 days/week). Shivering intensity and pattern were measured continuously during a controlled cold exposure (150 min at 4°C) before and after the acclimation. Muscle biopsies from m. vastus lateralis were obtained to measure oxygen consumption rate and proton leak of permeabilized muscle fibers. Cold acclimation elicited a modest 21% (P < 0.05) decrease in whole-body and m.vastus lateralis shivering intensity. Further, cold acclimation abolished the acute cold-induced increase in proton leak. Although daily cold exposure did not change the fiber composition of the m. vastus lateralis, fiber composition was a strong predictor of the shivering pattern evoked during an acute cold. We conclude that muscle-derived thermogenesis during acute cold exposure in humans is not limited to shivering, but also includes cold-induced increases in proton leak. The efficiency of muscle oxidative phosphorylation improves with cold acclimation, suggesting that reduced muscle thermogenesis occurs through decreased proton leak, in addition to decreased shivering intensity as BAT capacity and activity increases. These changes occur with no net difference in whole-body thermogenesis.

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Characterizing the sympatholytic role of endothelial-dependent vasodilator signalling during handgrip exercise

Abstract

The dynamic metabolic range of skeletal muscle necessitates an equally dynamic blood flow requirement, to the point where the demand for skeletal muscle blood flow during intense bouts of large muscle mass exercise can theoretically 'outstrip' the heart's ability to generate the cardiac output necessary for maintaining sufficient mean arterial pressure (MAP) and muscle perfusion.

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What do we know of Roman wall painting technique? Potential confounding factors in ancient paint media analysis

The theory of fresco as the standard painting technique in Roman wall paintings, formulated in the mid-1960s by Paolo Mora and Laura Mora and Paul Philippot, has enjoyed general acceptance among specialists to the present day. However, the fresco theory is based on a series of postulates—such as the feasibility of fresco on pontate, the presence of giornate, or the use of alkali-sensitive pigments—which appear to be unsupported by physical or experimental evidence and which would require further assessment in order to validate the theory. Additionally, chemical analyses of Roman murals have identified the presence of various types of organic binders. A comparative study of these analyses reveals a remarkable difference between results obtained by the different researchers. The clustering of results by research group appears highly unlikely, suggesting the possible presence of confounding factors which could lead to distorted results. These factors might be related both to the difficulty in extracting ancient paint media and the influence of biological contamination. If the extraction method used is not adequate for an ancient binding medium, then part of the binder may not be extracted, producing an incomplete characterization of its composition. The lack of data on both the efficiency of the methods used and the possible influence of microbial contamination in the organic material may cause uncertainty in the degree of reliability of the different results obtained, fomenting uncertainty around the techniques used in ancient paintings as well as the treatments suitable for their conservation. Therefore, in the analysis of ancient paint media, the implementation of a protocol of assessment of both the efficiency of the extraction methods and the influence of biological contamination seems advisable.Graphical abstract.

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Health behavioral theories used to explain dietary behaviors in adolescents: a systematic review

Background: Health behavior theories are useful to interpret adolescents' dietary behaviors. Evidences show that theories are influenced by social and psychological determinants. So, the purpose of this study is to systematically review studies that tested social cognitive theories (non-integrated) that predict adolescents' dietary behaviors. Methods: A structured electronic search of all publication years (through April 2016) was conducted to identify studies in MEDLINE, SciELO, PsycINFO, Scopus, and LILACS with full text. Included publications were cross-sectional and longitudinal (non-intervention) studies involving adolescents (10 to 18 years) that examined the associations between constructs of social-cognitive theories and dietary behaviors. Related strings in titles, abstracts, and indexing fields were searched. Results: Theories used to explain dietary intake were the planned behavior and the social cognitive. It was observed evidences of positive associations between the social cognitive constructs and the fruits, the vegetables, the milk groups, and the whole-wheat foods (e.g., bread rich in fiber) and negative associations with sugar-sweetened beverages, soft drinks, snacks high in fat, sugar, and/or sodium, and sweet treats. Theories explained greater proportion of variance for intention to dietary intake. The variance for intention ranged from 3% for pizzas, candy bars, candies, and sugar-sweetened beverages to 68% for whole-wheat food (i.e., bread rich in fiber). Conclusion: Longitudinal designs are necessary to comprehend the theories and evaluate the behavioral changes. Finally, the use of food groups should be employed in the studies to help the comparisons and present higher reproducibility. Studies always based on objective, systematic, and rigorous evidences.

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