Πέμπτη 29 Νοεμβρίου 2018
Intracholecystic papillary-tubular neoplasm of the gallbladder originating in the cystic duct with extensive intraepithelial progress in the common bile duct
Abstract
A 59-year-old man with anorexia who had a history of cholecystectomy was referred to our hospital. Imaging examinations revealed a contrast-enhanced tumor in the residual cystic duct and a part of the common bile duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and peroral-cholangioscopy showed a papillary tumor with movement and a change in the shape. Under a diagnosis of primary cystic duct cancer, subtotal stomach-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed. The microscopic examination of a resected specimen revealed intracholecystic papillary-tubular neoplasm located in the residual cystic duct, forming a polypoid protrusion to the common bile duct and extensive intraepithelial progress in the common bile duct.
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Genetic diversity and population structure of Lychnis wilfordii (Caryophyllaceae) with newly developed 17 microsatellite markers
Abstract
Lychnis wilfordii (Regel) Maxim. is a perennial plant designated as an endangered species by the Korean government because of rapid reduction in its population size. Thus, a population genetic study of this species is needed to establish the strategy for management and conservation based on scientific evidences. The goals of this study were to develop useful microsatellite markers for L. wilfordii and to understand current genetic status of L. wilfordii in Korean peninsula. Seventeen microsatellite markers were identified using next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analysis and then analyzed genetic diversity in one hundred forty-five individuals from Korea (KI1, KI2, and KP), China (CX, CF) and Russia (RP). Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and STRUCTURE results consistently showed discontinuity among L. wilfordii populations. AMOVA showed that the percentage of variation among populations was 53%, which was higher than the variation within populations (19%). PCoA showed that the populations were divided into three genetic clusters, (1) Chinese (CX, CF), (2) Russian (RP) populations and Korean populations (KI1, KI2) excluding KP, and (3) the KP population. In particular, KP, the most southern population on the Korean peninsula, showed significantly lower observed and expected heterozygosity, number of effective alleles, and Shannon index (I) than those of KI1 and KI2. L. wilfordii showed high differentiation between populations with low genetic diversity within populations. Among Korean populations, KP is likely to be affected by genetic drift due to small population size, low genetic diversity and limited gene flow.
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Association between CD53 genetic polymorphisms and tuberculosis cases
Abstract
Background
Tetraspanin proteins are expressed in various immune cells, and they play an important role in tuberculosis formation. CD53 is a protein in the tetraspanin family that is expressed in many white blood cells. In particular, it plays an important role in cytokine regulation and interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs).
Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) difference of CD53 gene could affect TB case.
Methods
In this study, we investigated the effects of genetic polymorphism of CD53 on the pathogenesis of tuberculosis based on Korean Association Resource (KARE) data. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the effect of SNPs of the CD53 gene on tuberculosis in TB cases and control groups. We also examined the effect of SNPs on tuberculosis in gene expression.
Results
Eight SNPs of CD53 were found to be associated with TB case. The SNP showing the greatest significance in this association was rs4839583 (odds ratio = 0.83, 95% confidence interval 0.72–0.96, p = 0.010). These genetic variants might be involved in cytokine regulation through the Jun pathway, and are thought to affect the immune responses and pathogenesis of TB.
Discussion
CD53 is a type of tetraspanin that is expressed on various immune cells. In this study, we identified eight statistically significant SNPs in CD53 gene, confirming that it could be involved in the regulation of CD53 gene expression.
Conclusion
Associations between genetic variants and tuberculosis facilitated better understanding of the differences in the incidence of tuberculosis in various populations.
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