5 ways to eliminate dosing errors

Remain consistent once you've established the patient's weight, ensure you know what's in your containers and practice dosing calculations to prevent errors

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A phase II study of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with docetaxel, cisplatin, and S-1, followed by gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection for high-risk advanced gastric cancer: Results of the KDOG1001 trial

Gastric Cancer

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Dual Red Imaging Maintains Clear Visibility During Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection

Abstract

Background

The endoscopic lens becomes clouded and its visibility reduces during colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), especially in cases with submucosal fatty tissue. Dual red imaging (DRI) is a novel image-enhanced endoscopic technique that improves endoscopic visibility.

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors of submucosal fatty tissue and the clinical usefulness of DRI in maintaining clear visibility during colorectal ESD.

Methods

The study participants included 586 consecutive patients with 645 colorectal tumors who underwent ESD between January 2014 and July 2017. First, the degree of submucosal fatty tissue was evaluated by reviewing recorded images, and the clinical characteristics of the patients and tumors related to severe submucosal fatty tissue were evaluated. Second, 34 tumors resected using DRI were propensity score-matched in a 1:1 ratio to other resected tumors using white light imaging (WLI), and the degree of endoscope lens cloudiness and clinical outcomes were evaluated.

Results

The proportion of tumors located in the right side of the colon, body mass index (≥ 25, BMI), and hemoglobin A1c (≥ 6.5%, HbA1c) were significantly higher in patients with severe submucosal fatty tissue. The visibility in the DRI group was significantly better than in the WLI group. Treatment outcomes in the DRI group were as good as those in the WLI group.

Conclusions

Tumor location in the right side of the colon, BMI (≥ 25), and HbA1c (≥ 6.5%) are the predictive factors of severe submucosal fatty tissue. DRI is useful in maintaining clear visibility during colorectal ESD, especially with submucosal fatty tissue.

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High Trophinin-Associated Protein Expression Is an Independent Predictor of Poor Survival in Liver Cancer

Abstract

Background

Trophinin-associated protein (TROAP) is a cytoplasmic protein that functions as an adhesion molecule in processes such as embryo implantation, spindle formation, and cancer.

Objective

To evaluate the relationship of TROAP expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue with clinicopathologic parameters and survival time in liver cancer patients based on an analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (TCGA-LIHC) data.

Methods

RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) expression data and clinical information were downloaded for the TCGA-LIHC cohort. Associations between TROAP expression in HCC tissues and clinical parameters were evaluated by Chi-square tests. Differences in survival between high and low expression groups (median expression cutoff) from Cox regression analysis were compared, and P values were calculated by a log-rank test. Kaplan–Meier curves were compared with the log-rank test.

Results

Analysis of RNA-Seq gene expression data for 373 patients with primary tumors revealed overexpression of TROAP in liver cancer. High TROAP expression was associated with survival status (P = 0.015), T stage (P = 0.049), clinical stage (P = 0.048), and gender (P = 0.033). Patients with high TROAP-expressing liver cancers had a shorter median overall survival of 3.83 years compared with 5.80 years for patients with low TROAP-expressing liver cancers (P = 0.00422). Multivariate analysis identified TROAP expression as an independent prognostic variable for overall survival in liver cancer patients.

Conclusion

TROAP expression is an independent predictor of poor survival in liver cancer.

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Clinical Significance of the Thioredoxin System and Thioredoxin-Domain-Containing Protein Family in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract

Background

Oxidative stress occurs due to the excessive generation of cellular reactive oxygen species and antioxidant system dysfunction. The thioredoxin (TXN) system and TXN-domain-containing protein (TXNDC) family form networks maintaining the cellular reducing environment. Recently, the importance of these genes in the tumor environment has been emphasized.

Aim

To investigate the clinical significance of TXNs and TXNDC family members in HCC.

Methods

Genomic data from 367 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who underwent hepatic resections were analyzed to determine genetic alterations in mRNA and protein levels between patients and healthy controls. In addition, functional enrichment and survival analyses were performed.

Results

HCC patients were shown to have enhanced expression of TXN, TXNRD1, and TXNDC7/9/14 mRNA and protein compared with controls. In accordance with the survival analyses, strong associations were found that patients with TXN, TXNRD1, and TXNDC1/7/9 alterations were proven to have poor prognosis in overall survival. Moreover, gene set enrichment analysis and network analyses revealed that positive correlations were found in mRNA expression of TXN, TXNRD1, and TXNDC7/9 genes with upregulation of the tumor-promoting genes, specifically mTORC1, E2F targets, and Myc targets. On the other hand, elevated expressions of TXNIP and TXNDC11 genes were correlated with suppression of the above tumor-promoting genes.

Conclusions

TXN system and TXNDC family gene panel obtained from the resected tissue of the HCC patients could be used to predict survival prognosis of HCC, and these genes could be considered as potential therapeutic targets for improving HCC survival.

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Confirmation of spondylo‐epi‐metaphyseal dysplasia with joint laxity, EXOC6B type

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A, EarlyView.


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Impairments of emotional face processing in schizophrenia patients: Evidence from P100, N170 and P300 ERP components in a sample of auditory hallucinators

Publication date: Available online 4 October 2018

Source: International Journal of Psychophysiology

Author(s): Dhrasti Shah, Verner Knott, Ashley Baddeley, Hayley Bowers, Nicola Wright, Allen Labelle, Charles Collin

Abstract

Patients with schizophrenia show impaired face and emotional expression processing that may be due to early perceptual deficits or late impairments in higher-order emotional facial recognition. This study examined event-related potentials (ERPs) in 23 patients with schizophrenia who experience auditory hallucinations and 19 healthy controls. EEG activity was recorded from 32 scalp sites positioned according to the 10-10 placement system. Linked left and right electrodes at the mastoids served as the reference. The P100, N170 and P300 were measured during an emotional facial identification task, which included neutral, joyful, sad, angry and fearful facial expressions and non-face stimuli (chairs). P100 was measured at O_1/2 and P_7/8. N170 was measured at P_7/8. P300 was measured at P_z. Patients with schizophrenia were slower at identifying all facial expressions, including neutral ones. They also showed less positive P100 amplitude to sad, angry and fearful facial expressions. N170 amplitudes were smaller in patients in response to neutral, joyful, sad, angry, and fearful facial expression. Patients showed less positive P300 mean amplitudes to all facial expressions, including neutral ones. Within-group comparisons showed that patients exhibited a different pattern of ERP modulation across facial expressions than controls for P100 and N170, but not for P300. Our findings are compatible with the idea that behavioural and electrophysiological face-processing deficits in schizophrenia arise from early-stage deficits in visual processing.

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