Prevalence of ST131 Clone Producing Both ESBL CTX-M-15 and AAC(6′)Ib-cr Among Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Yemen

Microbial Drug Resistance, Ahead of Print.


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Molecular Characterization of Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Hospitalized Patients

Microbial Drug Resistance, Ahead of Print.


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Chromosome interaction hubs around nuclear bodies

Chromosome interaction hubs around nuclear bodies

Chromosome interaction hubs around nuclear bodies, Published online: 08 June 2018; doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0026-x

A paper in Cell presents split–pool recognition of interactions by tag extension (SPRITE), a method that enables the identification of multiple, simultaneously occurring DNA and RNA interactions genome-wide within the nucleus.

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Coactivation index of children with congenital upper limb reduction deficiencies before and after using a wrist-driven 3D printed partial hand prosthesis

Co-contraction is the simultaneous activation of agonist and antagonist muscles that produces forces around a joint. It is unknown if the use of a wrist-driven 3D printed transitional prostheses has any influe...

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Chromosome interaction hubs around nuclear bodies

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Food Composition Tables in Southeast Asia: The Contribution of the SMILING Project

Abstract

Objectives Food composition data are key for many nutrition related activities in research, planning and policy. Combatting micronutrient malnutrition among women and young children using sustainable food based approaches, as aimed at in the SMILING project, requires high quality food composition data. Methods In order to develop capacity and to align procedures for establishing, updating and assessing the quality of key nutrient data in the food composition tables in Southeast Asia, a detailed roadmap was developed to identify and propose steps for this. This included a training workshop to build capacity in the field of food composition data, and alignment of procedures for selecting foods and nutrients to be included for quality assessment, and update of country specific food composition tables. The SEA partners in the SMILING project finalised a country specific food composition table (FCT) with updated compositional data on selected foods and nutrients considered key for designing nutrient dense and optimal diets for the target groups. Results Between 140 and 175 foods were selected for inclusion in the country specific FCTs. Key-nutrients were: energy, protein, total fat, carbohydrates, iron, zinc, (pro-)-vitamin A, folate, calcium, vitamin D, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, vitamin B12 and vitamin C. A detailed quality assessment on 13 key-foods per nutrient was performed using international guidelines. Nutrient data for specific local food items were often unavailable and data on folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 contents were mostly missing. For many foods, documentation was not available, thereby complicating an in-depth quality assessment. Despite these limitations, the SMILING project offered a unique opportunity to increase awareness of the importance of high quality well documented food composition data. Conclusion for Practise The self-reported data quality demonstrated that there is considerable room for improvement of the nutrient data quality in some countries. In addition, investment in sustainable capacity development and an urgent need to produce and document high quality data on the micronutrient composition of especially local foods is required.

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Threshold of Energy Deficit and Lower-Body Performance Declines in Military Personnel: A Meta-Regression

Abstract

Background

Negative energy balance (EB) is common during military operations, diminishing body mass and physical performance. However, the magnitude of negative EB where performance would still be maintained is not well defined.

Objective

Our objective was to explore relationships between EB and physical performance during military operations and define an acceptable negative EB threshold where performance may be maintained.

Methods

A systematic search was performed for studies that measured EB and physical performance during military training. A total of 632 articles and technical reports were screened. Lower-body power and strength were the most common performance tests across investigations and were used as physical performance outcomes. Data were extracted from nine eligible studies containing 15 independent subgroups. Meta-regression assessed changes in performance in relation to study duration (days), average daily EB, and total EB (daily EB × duration).

Results

Changes in physical performance were not associated with average daily EB or training duration. Total EB was associated with changes in lower-body power (r² = 0.764, P < 0.001) and strength (r² = 0.836, P < 0.001) independently and combined (r² = 0.454, P = 0.002). Predictive equations generated from the meta-regression indicated that, for a zero to small (2%) decline in performance, total EB should be limited to − 5686 to − 19,109 kcal, for an entire operation, whereas total EB of − 39,243 to − 59,377 kcal will result in moderate (7%) to large (10%) declines in performance.

Conclusion

These data demonstrated that greater total negative EB is associated with declines in lower-body performance during military operations.

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