The Utility of Nuclear Medicine Scans for Diagnosing Pediatric Biliary Dyskinesia Remains Unclear.

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Oral Motor Impairment in Children with Feeding Difficulties.

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The Key Clinical Manifestations of Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficency.

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Clinical Use of Infliximab Trough Levels and Antibodies to Infliximab in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients.

Objective: Optimizing infliximab treatment in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients by utilizing serum infliximab (IFX) trough levels and antibodies to IFX is recommended. There is need for studies assessing this strategy in clinical practice. Methods: We retrospectively identified all pediatric IBD patients (n = 146, median age 14.8) treated with IFX at our tertiary referral center 2003-2014. All analyzed IFX trough levels (S-IFX, n = 475) and IFX antibody (IFX-Ab, n = 219) titers were included. Both were analyzed using ELISA. We correlated these parameters with concurrently analyzed fecal calprotectin levels and the treatment outcome. Results: If IFX had no efficacy, or a loss of response occurred, 40/64 (63%) had trough levels

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Patients With Coeliac Disease Reported Highter Consumption of Added Sugar and Total Fat Than Healthy Individuals.

Objectives: To compare the dietary pattern between subjects with coeliac disease (CD) (cases) and subjects without (healthy controls). Methods: A case-control design study was conducted. A total of 98 subjects with CD (aged 10 to 23 years-old) were matched by age, gender and BMI with 98 non-coeliac participants. A non-consecutive 3-day food record was completed to assess energy, nutrient and food intake and evaluate the participant's adherence to recommendations. Differences in energy, nutrients, food consumption, and compliance with general recommendations between cases and control groups were assessed by Student's t-test. Pearson's chi-squared test was used to compare categorical variables. Socio-demographic, personal and family history data were collected. Results: Compared to the control group, the CD cases reported a significantly higher consumption of added sugar (P

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Estimation of Fat-Free Mass at Discharge in Preterm Infants Fed with Optimized Feeding Regimen.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to validate a previously calculated equation (E1) that estimates infant fat-free mass (FFM) at discharge using data from a population of preterm infants receiving an optimized feeding regimen. Methods: Preterm infants born before 33 weeks of gestation between April 2014 and November 2015 in the tertiary care unit of Croix-Rousse Hospital in Lyon, France, were included in the study. At discharge, FFM was assessed by air displacement plethysmography (PEA POD) and was compared with FFM estimated by E1. FFM was estimated using a multiple linear regression model. Results: Data on 155 preterm infants were collected. There was a strong correlation between the FFM estimated by E1 and FFM assessed by the PEA POD (r = 0.939). However, E1 underestimated the FFM (average difference: -197 g), and this underestimation increased as FFM increased. A new, more predictive equation is proposed (r = 0.950, average difference: -12 g). Conclusion: While previous estimation methods were useful for estimating FFM at discharge, an equation adapted to current populations of preterm infants with "modern" neonatal care and nutritional practices is required for accuracy. (C) 2016 by European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology,

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The Influence of Arm Positioning on Ultrasonic Visualization of the Subclavian Vein: An Anatomical Ultrasound Study in Healthy Volunteers.

We hypothesized that placing the arm in 90[degrees] abduction, through 90[degrees] flexion and 90[degrees] external rotation, could improve ultrasound visualization of the subclavian vein. In 49 healthy volunteers, a single operator performed a view of the subclavian vein in neutral position and abduction position. A second blinded operator measured the cross-sectional area of the subclavian vein. Abduction position increased the cross-sectional area of the subclavian vein from 124 +/- 46 (mean +/- SD) to 162 +/- 58 mm2 (P = 0.001). An increase of the cross-sectional area of >=50% was observed in 41% volunteers (95% confidence interval, 27%-56%, n = 20); this technique offers an alternative approach (maybe safer) for ultrasound-guided catheterization of the subclavian vein. (C) 2016 International Anesthesia Research Society

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