A 10 km time trial running bout acutely increases the number of angiogenic T-Cells in the peripheral blood compartment of healthy males

CD31⁺ T-cells have been documented to possess vasculogenic properties, and have been termed 'angiogenic T-cells' (T_ANG). No study to date has fully characterised the effect of acute exercise on T_ANG cells. Twelve male participants aged 24–45yrs undertook a running 10 km time trial, with peripheral blood samples taken pre-, immediately post- and 1-hour post-exercise for quantification of T_ANG cells and subsequent CXCR4 cell surface expression by flow cytometry. T_ANG cells demonstrated a 102% increase in number in peripheral circulation immediately post-exercise compared to pre-exercise levels, followed by a large egress (50%) from the circulation in total T_ANG cells 1-hour post-exercise. This was due to both CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T_ANG changes, with CD8⁺ T_ANG cells displaying greater ingress (123%) and egress (52%) compared to CD4⁺ T_ANG cells (ingress: 83%, egress: 37%). CXCR4 cell surface expression intensity was only affected on CD8⁺ T_ANG cells, with a significant increase in cell surface expression immediately post-exercise vs. pre-exercise levels. CD31⁻ T-cells displayed greater redistribution than CD31⁺ T_ANG cells (119% vs. 102%). CXCR4-expressing T_ANG cells showed greater response to acute exercise than CXCR4⁻ cells, which was accompanied by large changes in CXCR4 ligand SDF-1α. The results show that acute exercise increases T_ANG cells in the circulation in response to an acute exercise stressor. Additionally, CXCR4 cell surface expression appears to be increased in response to exercise, which may result from the direct upregulation of CXCR4 on the T-cell surface, or could be due to CD31⁺ T-cells being redistributed into the blood expressing greater levels of CXCR4.

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